OBJECTIVE To report a case of neonatal appendicitis in a children's hospital in southern Brazil, demonstrating the impact on neonatal survival. METHOD Case study with data collection from medical records, approved by the Institution and Ethics Committee for Research with Human Beings. RESULTS The clinical picture is initially characterized by food intolerance, evolving to hypoactivity, alte...

Septicemia is a growing problem among low birth weight infants. Early identification and treatment of sepsis in these infants would help to reduce the high mortality and morbidity seen with this disorder. Newer techniques may make earlier diagnosis a reality. In the following review article, early-onset sepsis in the premature infant is described, specifically focusing on the neonatal inflammat...

OBJECTIVE Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) are the most common causative agents in neonatal nosocomial septicemia. Because of widespread methicillin resistance among CONS, empiric therapy with vancomycin is recommended as the primary antibiotic regimen for these infections. In our unit, empiric treatment of nosocomially acquired septicemia consists of cephalothin and gentamicin, which ar...

1. Saini SS, Dutta S, Ray P. Short course versus 7 day course of intravenous antibiotics in probable neonatal septicemia. A pilot open label randomized controlled trial. Indian Pediatr. 2011;48:19-24. 2. Edwards MS. Immune system (part2) –postnatal bacterial infections. In: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA,Walsh MC (editors). Fanaroff and Martin’s Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine-Diseases of Fetus and Inf...

Combined analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism of regions of genes coding for rRNA (ribotyping) and esterase electrophoretic typing was used to document neonatal acquisition of Escherichia coli in twins. Our study shows vertical mother-to-infant transmission of one strain of E. coli to one twin and the development of neonatal septicemia with a distinct nonvirulent carboxylesteras...

Children are always precious. Neonatal septicemia is an important and common cause of morbidity and mortality in neonates. World Health Organisation (WHO) estimates about four million neonatal deaths every year worldwide (WHO, 2005). The condition can be rapidly fatal if not treated promptly, aggressively and specifically. Treatment of sepsis is becoming more and more complicated because of inc...