As Drs Wootton, Arnold, and Tyson acknowledged, many emergency therapies have never been rigorously studied. Neonatal resuscitation medicine is especially bereft of highlevel evidence. Only 23 of 157 (15%) publications cited in the 2010 ILCOR statement on neonatal resuscitation were randomized trials or metaanalyses of trials (level of evidence [LOE] 1) (Table 1). In contrast, 114 (73%) studies...

Despite recent advances in perinatal medicine and in the art of neonatal resuscitation, resuscitation strategy and treatment methods in the delivery room should be individualized depending on the unique characteristics of the neonate. The constantly increasing evidence has resulted in significant treatment controversies, which need to be resolved with further clinical and experimental research.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE In 2002, the early neonatal mortality rate in Brazil was 12.42 per thousand live births. Perinatal asphyxia was the greatest cause of neonatal death (about 23%). This study aimed to evaluate the availability of the resources required for neonatal resuscitation in delivery rooms of public hospitals in Brazilian state capitals. DESIGN AND SETTING Multicenter cross-sectiona...

BACKGROUND Studies carried out in developing countries have indicated that training courses in newborn resuscitation are efficacious in teaching local birth attendants how to properly utilize simple resuscitation devices. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge and expertise gained by physicians and midwifes who participated in a Neonatal Resuscitation Course and workshop organized in...

BACKGROUND Changes in the work patterns and numbers of medical staff in training grades pose a significant challenge to those responsible for the provision of an effective clinical neonatal service. Advanced neonatal nurse practitioners (ANNPs) may have a role in this changing neonatal service. The effectiveness of the ANNP has been established in North America but has not been properly evaluat...