The bronchodilating response to two doses of 100 micrograms of salbutamol introduced into an extension device (Aero-chamber [AC]), each followed by four tidal breaths, was compared with the nebulization of 2.5 mg of salbutamol in a saline solution during tidal breathing in a crossover study of ten patients with reversible airway obstruction. The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and...

Background: β2 agonist administered via a nebulizer is the standard treatment for acute asthma exacerbation. There are some limitations for the use of nebulization. We conducted a study to determine the efficacy of salbutamol administered via the pMDI with Volumatic ® spacer and the Easyhaler ® (DPI) compared to nebulization in mild to moderate asthma exacerbations in children. Methods: A multi...

OBJECTIVES To improve the bioavailability of antitubercular drugs (ATDs) as well as to assess the feasibility of administering ATDs via the respiratory route, this study reports the formulation of three frontline ATDs, i.e. rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide encapsulated in poly (DL-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles suitable for nebulization. METHODS Drug-loaded nanoparticles were prepa...

To the Editor—GlaxoSmithKline was very concerned to learn of the fatality of a 25-year-old pregnant woman with severe H1N1 influenza A following nebulized administration by means of mechanical ventilation of zanamivir solution, described in the letter by Kiatboonsri et al [1]. This solution had been made by the treating hospital pharmacy from the lactose powder formulation of zanamivir, markete...

RATIONALE In experimental pneumonia, nebulization of antibiotics provides high lung tissue concentrations and rapid bacterial killing. OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of nebulized ceftazidime and amikacin in ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS Forty patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa were included...

BACKGROUND Nebulization is a common method of medical aerosol generation and it is largely used by adults and children all over the world, both for emergency treatment of acute illness and for long-term home treatment of lung diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the differences in nebulization of inhaled corticosteroids among four representative types of compressor/nebulizers. MET...

Aerosols of a physiological salt solution and aqueous solutions of salbutamol, sodium cromoglicate, and dornase alfa were generated in a pneumatic nebulizer and analyzed in a system with controlled humidity of air as a carrier gas. Mass distribution of aerosol particles and yield of generation for pulse nebulization were measured. Pulsation of generation was realized with an attachment maintain...