The rapid spread of bacteria expressing multidrug resistance (MDR) has necessitated the discovery of new antibacterials and resistance-modifying agents. Since the initial discovery of bacterial efflux pumps in the 1980s, many have been characterized in community- and hospital-acquired Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia c...

n Sept. 30, 2004, the pharmaceutical giant Merck & Co. Inc. announced a voluntary worldwide withdrawal of VIOXX (rofecoxib), its arthritis and acute pain COX-2 inhibiting medication. The company’s decision was based on data from a new, three-year prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, which showed that after 18 months of use, VIOXX increased relative risk for confirmed card...

Background and the purpose of the study: The amount of elder people who suffer from Alzheimer disease is continuously increasing every year. Cholinesterase inhibitors have shown to be effective in alleviating the symptoms of the disease, thus opening a field of research for these treatments. Herbal products, owning a reputation as effective agents in many biological studies are now drawing atte...

The relationship between abnormal HER2 expression and cancer is important in cancer therapeutics. Formation and spread of cancer cells may be restricted by inhibiting HER2. We conducted ligand-based and structure-based studies to assess the potency of natural compounds as potential HER2 inhibitors. Multiple linear regression (MLR) and support vector machine (SVM) models were constructed to pred...

The results of three years of search for natural aromatase inhibitors will be presented. Estrogen biosynthesis is catalyzed by the aromatase enzyme complex. This complex if made up of a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes known as cytochrome P450 aromatase (P450arom, produced by the CYP19 gene). Associated with this enzyme one finds the flavoprotein NADPH cytochrome P450 reduct...

Osteoarthritis is the fourth leading cause of disability affecting more than 300 million people around globe. In this disease, chondrocytes responsible for growth and maintenance articular joints start to deplete due rogue involvement phosphoinositide 3-kinase, protein kinase-B p38 mitogenactivated kinases. Presently, there are medications providing symptomatic treatment, however, they cannot t...

Acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) is the that catalyzes hydrolysis of neurotransmitter acetylcholine to choline. Inhibitors this (AChE-i) are used treat Alzheimer's, a neurodegenerative disease. Due side effects drugs used, there has been an increased interest in investigating inhibitory potentials natural products which presumed have fewer effects. For purpose, highland honey, chestnut royal ...