UNLABELLED Diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare clinical condition, which is usually caused by neurohypophyseal or pituitary stalk infiltration in cancer patients. CASE REPORT we present a 62-year old metastatic breast cancer woman with DI. She admitted to the hospital because of nausea, vomiting, polyuria and polydipsia, while she was on no cytotoxic medication. She had no electrolyte imbalance...

Magnocellular neurons of the supraoptic nucleus release the neuropeptides oxytocin and vasopressin from their dendrites to regulate their synaptic inputs. This study aims to determine the cellular mechanism by which vasopressin modulates excitatory synaptic transmission. Presumably by electroporation through perforated patch, we were able to successfully introduce biocytin into cells in which w...

Vasopressin, also known as arginine vasopressin or antidiuretic hormone, plays a pivotal role in maintaining body homeostasis. Increased vasopressin concentrations, measured by its surrogate copeptin, have been associated with disease severity as well as disease progression in polycystic kidney disease (PKD), and in experimental studies vasopressin has been shown to directly regulate cyst growt...

We studied the effect of various adrenergic components on vasopressin in groups of anephric rats. Pharmacological interventions included a,-, a2-, and /3-adrenergic receptor blockade and infusions of sodium nitroprusside to achieve a baseline blood pressure fall similar to that obtained by a,-blockade, followed by hypertonic saline infusion to stimulate vasopressin release and administration of...

The antidiuretic hormone vasopressin is crucial for regulating free water clearance in normal physiology. However, it has also been hypothesized that vasopressin has deleterious effects on the kidney. Vasopressin is elevated in animals and patients with chronic kidney disease. Suppression of vasopressin activity reduces proteinuria, renal hypertrophy, glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial f...

Most neurons in the central nervous system co-express peptides alongside their principal transmitter, yet the function of these peptides is largely unknown. Vasopressin neurons of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus contain among the highest concentrations of dynorphin found in the brain. Dynorphin, an endogenous opioid peptide, is co-localized in the same neurosecre...

To investigate the possible role of arginine vasopressin in maintaining high blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the effect of two arginine vasopressin pressor antagonists on mean arterial pressure and the pressor responsiveness to exogenous arginine vasopressin were studied in conscious, freely moving SHR and in Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). Intravenous injections of either d(C...

We have recently reported that endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is increased in the arteries of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertensive rats, stimulates superoxide production. However, the humoral mechanisms responsible for ET-1-induced superoxide formation in low-renin models of hypertension, such as DOCA-salt hypertension, remain undefined. Vasopressin is known to upregulate vascular p...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the physiologic effects of exogenous vasopressin as a potential alternative to traditional high-dose catecholamine therapy for septic patients with vascular hyporeactivity to catecholamines. DESIGN Prospective, case-controlled study. SETTING Intensive care unit of a university hospital. PATIENTS Vasopressin was infused in 16 critically ill septic patients who rema...

Arginine vasopressin is a nine-amino acid neuropeptide hormone important in the regulation of water metabolism. It also may have a role in other physiological functions, such as blood pressure regulation and the response to stress. Whole animal studies have provided a good understanding of vasopressin physiology and regulation of the normal vasopressin gene, and in vitro cell culture studies ha...