BACKGROUND Oral cavity is a doorway for a variety of products containing titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) nanoparticles (NPs) (nano-TiO2 ) such as food additives, oral healthcare products and dental materials. Their potential to penetrate and affect normal human oral mucosa is not yet determined. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the ability of nano-TiO2 to penetrate the in vitro reconstructed normal human bucc...

We show that the direct modulation bandwidth of nano-cavity light emitting devices (nLEDs) can greatly exceed that of any laser. By performing a detailed analysis, we show that the modulation bandwidth can be increased by the Purcell effect, but that this enhancement occurs only when the device is biased below the lasing threshold. The maximum bandwidth is shown to be inversely proportional to ...

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The use of ultra-broadband supercontinuum generated by an all-fiber system to characterize high-index contrast photonic circuits over the wavelength range 1.2 - 2.0 microm is demonstrated. Efficient, broadband waveguide coupling techniques and sensitive normalized detection enable rapid and high-resolution measurements of nano-scale one-dimensional photonic crystal microcavities. Experimental m...

All-reflective interferometry based on nano-structured diffraction gratings offers new possibilities for gravitational wave detection. We investigate an all-reflective Fabry-Perot interferometer concept in 2nd order Littrow mount. The input-output relations for such a resonator are derived treating the grating coupler by means of a scattering matrix formalism. A low loss dielectric reflection g...

• The dynamics of nano-cavities in water can be modelled using a two state model. bioactivity proteins an empty aqueous nano-cavity highly compromised. Protein hydration shell formation depends on the biological character solvent. A model describe protein formation. This work explores singular scenarios emerging from nanoscopic cavities, located solutions, that include biomolecules and, as cons...