Seipin is necessary for both adipogenesis and lipid droplet (LD) organization in nonadipose tissues; however, its molecular function is incompletely understood. Phenotypes in the seipin-null mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae include aberrant droplet morphology (endoplasmic reticulum-droplet clusters and size heterogeneity) and sensitivity of droplet size to changes in phospholipid synthesis. I...

Current models of HIV-1 morphogenesis hold that newly synthesized viral Gag polyproteins traffic to and assemble at the cell membrane into spherical protein shells. The resulting late-budding structure is thought to be released by the cellular ESCRT machinery severing the membrane tether connecting it to the producer cell. Using electron tomography and scanning transmission electron microscopy,...

Since the promulgation of first school education regulations in early 20th century, Chinese aesthetic has gone through its century history. Six stages development have been formed this vicissitudes, namely, budding period, starting salvation movement tortuous reconstruction and modernization period new era. From a historical point view, we can sort out analyze policies education, learn that alw...

In the normal mouse embryo, Bmp4 is expressed in mesenchymal cells surrounding the Wolffian duct (WD) and ureter stalk, whereas bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) type I receptor genes are transcribed either ubiquitously (Alk3) or exclusively in the WD and ureter epithelium (Alk6). Bmp4 heterozygous null mutant mice display, with high penetrance, abnormalities that mimic human congenital anomalie...

The debate over whether and how philosophers of today may usefully engage with the past is nearly as old history philosophy itself. Does study train or corrupt budding philosopher's mind? Why philosophy? And, to I discuss some mainstream approaches (with special focus on ancient philosophy), before explicating one adopt commend.

Wee1-related kinases function in a highly conserved mechanism that controls the timing of entry into mitosis. Loss of Wee1 function causes fission yeast and budding yeast cells to enter mitosis before sufficient growth has occurred, leading to formation of daughter cells that are smaller than normal. Early work in fission yeast suggested that Wee1 is part of a cell-size checkpoint that prevents...

Background. Pyogenic granuloma is a reactive tumor-like lesion commonly affecting the oral cavity. These lesions usually appear as localized solitary nodule with a sessile or pedunculated base and colour varying from red, purplish, or pink, depending on the vascularity of the lesion. Pyogenic granuloma shows predilection for gingiva and is usually slow growing, but at times it shows rapid growt...

Human ESCRT-I is a multiprotein complex that plays essential roles in HIV budding and endosomal protein sorting. All ESCRT-I complexes contain three common subunits (TSG101, VPS28, and VPS37), and a fourth subunit of yeast ESCRT-I was recently identified (Mvb12p). We now demonstrate that two related human proteins (MVB12A and MVB12B) constitute the fourth class of metazoan ESCRT-I subunits, des...