in this article‎, ‎we have characterized ideals in $c(x)$ in which‎ ‎every ideal is also an ideal (a $z$-ideal) of $c(x)$‎. ‎motivated by‎ ‎this characterization‎, ‎we observe that $c_infty(x)$ is a regular‎ ‎ring if and only if every open locally compact $sigma$-compact‎ ‎subset of $x$ is finite‎. ‎concerning prime ideals‎, ‎it is shown that‎ ‎the sum of every two prime (semiprime) ideals of e...

The inverse Gröbner basis problem is to find the ideals that have a given monomial ideal as its initial ideal. We consider the problem of finding when the given monomial ideal is the initial ideal of a prime ideal. Kalkbrenner and Sturmfels (1995), in Theorem 1, prove that the radical of the initial ideal of a prime ideal is equi-dimensional and connected in codimension one or equivalently, the...

The notion of vague ideals in pseudo MV-algebras is introduced,and several properties are investigated. Conditions for a vague set to be avague ideal are provided. Conditions for a vague ideal to be implicative aregiven. Characterizations of (implicative, prime) vague ideals are discussed.The smallest vague ideal containing a given vague set is established. Primeand implicative extension proper...

in this paper, we define the notions of ultra and involution ideals in $bck$-algebras. then we get the relation among them and other ideals as (positive) implicative, associative, commutative and prime ideals. specially, we show that in a bounded implicative $bck$-algebra, any involution ideal is a positive implicative ideal and in a bounded positive implicative lower $bck$-semilattice, the not...

The notions of a S fuzzy ∧ sub semi lattice, a S fuzzy ideal and a S fuzzy prime ideal of a bounded lattice with truth values in a bounded ∧ sub semi lattice S are introduced which generalize the existing notions with truth values in a unit interval of real numbers. Finally, S fuzzy prime ideal theorem is proved. 2010 AMS Classification: 03G10, 46H10, 06D50, 08A72

Let p > 3 be a prime, ζp a pth primitive root of 1, and ∆ the Galois group of Q(ζp) over Q. Let q 6= p be a prime and n the order of q modulo p. Assume q 6≡ 1 mod p and so n ≥ 2, p(q− 1)|qn − 1, and n|p− 1. Set f = (q − 1)/p and e = (p− 1)/n. Let Q be a prime ideal of Z[ζp] above q and let F = Z[ζp]/Q. Thus F ∼= Fqn , the finite field with q elements. Let α ∈ Z[ζp] be a generator of F such that...

Let $R$ be a commutative ring and $M$ be an $R$-module. In this paper, we investigate some properties of 2-absorbing submodules of $M$. It is shown that $N$ is a 2-absorbing submodule of $M$ if and only if whenever $IJLsubseteq N$ for some ideals $I,J$ of R and a submodule $L$ of $M$, then $ILsubseteq N$ or $JLsubseteq N$ or $IJsubseteq N:_RM$. Also, if $N$ is a 2-absorbing submodule of ...

In this paper, various elementary properties of vague rings are obtained. Furthermore, the concepts of vague subring, vague ideal, vague prime ideal and vague maximal ideal are introduced, and the validity of some relevant classical results in these settings are investigated.

The main result of this paper states that if R is a right Noetherian right bounded prime ring such that nonzero prime ideals are maximal and such that every proper homomorphic image of R is a principal right ideal ring then R is right hereditary. In [10, Theorem 8] it is proved that if R is a right bounded prime ring of finite right Goldie dimension such that every proper homomorphic image is a...