The effects of Ca2+ sparks on cerebral artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) tone, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are not clear. In this investigation, we elucidated the underlying mechanisms of the distinct effects of Ca2+ sparks on cerebral artery smooth muscle cells (CASMCs) and airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) tone. In CASMCs, owing to the funct...

[Purpose] This study aimed to examine the effects of a combined intervention consisting of massage therapy and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on gastrocnemius muscle fatigue, assessing whether the intervention improved muscle tone, stiffness, and muscle contraction. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects were 20 healthy males in their 20s who were equally divided into a transcutaneous...

Background: Agenesis of Corpus Callosum (ACC) is a type of brain dysgenesis with various clinical manifestations. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the clinical and neurodevelopmental outcomes of patients with ACC. Materials & Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the clinical and neurodevelopmental conditions of 62 patients with complete ACC referred to subspecialty clinics of pe...

Muscle-tendon unit surgery for correction of deformities and movement dysfunction in children with cerebral palsy (CP) is fairly complicated. An understanding basic muscle-tendon properties their adaptation to both CP are important develop advances this field. In review, we provide information therapists, surgeons, scientists regarding the short- long-term adaptations unit. Surgical releases, l...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) on upper extremity muscle tone in chronic stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] For this study, 30 stroke patients participated in this study and they were divided into ESWT group and sham-ESWT group, each group consisted of 15 patients. ESWT and sham-ESWT was performed by the patients f...

OBJECT Randomized clinical trials have established that lumbar selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) reduces lower-extremity tone and improves functional outcome in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Significant data exist to support a secondary effect on upper-extremity function in patients with upper-extremity spasticity. The effects of SDR on upper-extremity tone, however, are not well charact...

Spontaneous tone of in vitro lower esophageal sphincter (LES) circular muscle is associated with elevated levels of arachidonic acid (AA), PGF2α, and increased [35S]guanosine 5'- O-(3-thiotriphosphate) (GTPγS) binding to Gq-, Gi3-, and Gi1/i2-like G proteins. Tone and AA levels were reduced by inhibitors of a pancreatic-like (group I) secreted phospholipase A2(sPLA2), by the cyclooxygenase inhi...