data envelopment analysis (dea) is a method for measuring the efficiency of peer decision making units (dmus) with multiple inputs and outputs. the traditional dea treats decision making units under evaluation as black boxes and calculates their efficiencies with first inputs and last outputs. this carries the notion of missing some intermediate measures in the process of changing the inputs to...

The main objectives of this article are 1) to introduces some basic postulates for quantum multi-particle systems, and 2) to develop a universal field theory for interacting multi-particle systems coupling both particle fields and interacting fields. By carefully examining the nature of interactions between multi-particles, we conclude that multi-particle systems must obey both the gauge symmet...

This paper presents a practical implementation for a new formula of nonlinear PID (NPID) control. The purpose of the controller is to accurately trace a preselected position reference of one stage servomechanism system. The possibility of developing a transfer function model for experimental setup is elusive because of the lack of system data. So, the identified model has been developed via gat...

A two-stage PID algorithm is proposed with focus on fulfilling some important general requirements such as settling time, overshoot, size of control signal, disturbance rejection and robustness. The proposed method has two main goals. The first is to create an automatic PID computing algorithm giving decent results for a great variety of systems with different design requirements and different ...

This paper presents an Automatic Generation Control scheme for multi area power system using integrator and PID controller. The simulation results of four areas are compared using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Automatic Generation Control is a very important process that operates constantly to balance the generation and load. PID controllers can be tuned by using many methods. In all methods an ini...

ASIC or FPGA implementation of a finite wordlength PID controller requires a double expertise: in control system and hardware design. In this paper, we only focus on the hardware side of the problem. We show how to design configurable fixed-point PIDs to satisfy applications requiring minimal power consumption, or high control-rate, or both together. As multiply operation is the engine of PID, ...

There are some drawbacks exist in multi-method intelligence control algorithms which are popular researched in motion control. Many of the most significant ones are high algorithm complexity, long timeconsuming and not easily applied in industrial production. According to the disadvantages mentioned above, and also take the conflicts between control accuracy and response speed into consideratio...

An intelligent control scheme using a fuzzy switching mechanism, grey prediction and genetic algorithm (GA) is applied to a coupled nonlinear system, called a twin rotor multi-input multi-output system (TRMS). In real-time control, a Xilinx Spartan II SP200 FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is employed to construct a hardware-in-the-loop system through writing VHDL on this FPGA. The objectiv...

In this paper a Fuzzy Logic based load frequency control system (LFC) with Superconductor Magnetic Energy Storage System (SMES) in a multi area electric power system was explained. If a large power imbalance is suddenly happened in a multi area power electric system, generation units and also consumer sides will be affected by the distortion in the energy balance between both two sides. This im...

The main aim of the study focuses on the optimizing the response of the PID controllers used typically for temperature control loop in centrifugal machines in sugar industry using soft-computing. The centrifugal machines are used for the filtering sugar and molasses and the whole process is carried out at a certain fixed temperature. Any alterations from the set-point will cause instability in ...