In the barrel cortex, several features of single-whisker stimuli are organized in functional maps. The barrel cortex also encodes spatio-temporal correlation patterns of multi-whisker inputs, but so far the cortical mapping of neurons tuned to such input statistics is unknown. Here we report that layer 2/3 of the rat barrel cortex contains an additional functional map based on neuronal tuning t...

Recently, multi-time stepping methods have become very popular among scientist due to their high stability in problems with critical conditions. One important shortcoming of these methods backs to their high amount of uncontrolled amplitude decay. This study proposes a new multi-time stepping method in which the time step is split into two sub-steps. The first sub-step is solved using the well-...

Multi-site phosphorylation systems are repeatedly encountered in cellular biology and multi-site modification is a basic building block of post-translational modification. In this paper, we demonstrate how distributive multi-site modification mechanisms by a single kinase/phosphatase pair can lead to biphasic/partial biphasic dose-response characteristics for the maximally phosphorylated substr...

BACKGROUND The basic premise of preadjusted bracket system is accurate bracket positioning. It is widely recognized that accurate bracket placement is of critical importance in the efficient application of biomechanics and in realizing the full potential of a preadjusted edgewise appliance. AIM The purpose of this study was to design a calibrating system to accurately detect a point on a plan...

Derived-band click-evoked auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were obtained for normal-hearing (NH) and sensorineurally hearing-impaired (HI) listeners. The latencies extracted from these responses, as a function of derived-band center frequency and click level, served as objective estimates of cochlear response times. For the same listeners, auditory-filter bandwidths at 2 kHz were estimated u...

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of stimulus polarity on speech evoked auditory brainstem response (ABR). In order to accomplish it, speech evoked ABR was recorded with various stimulus polarities from 17 normally hearing adults. The result of the study shows differential effect of stimulus polarity on components of speech evoked ABR. Latency of peaks for onset, sustai...

In this paper, we describe an algorithm that automatically detects and labels peaks I-VII of the normal, suprathreshold auditory brainstem response (ABR). The algorithm proceeds in three stages, with the option of a fourth: (1) all candidate peaks and troughs in the ABR waveform are identified using zero crossings of the first derivative, (2) peaks I-VII are identified from these candidate peak...

The purpose of this study was to determine whether clicks presented in rarefaction or condensation modes produce more accurate diagnostic information. Subjects were 20 consecutive patients who were seen at the Mayo Clinic for unilateral acoustic neuromas. The nontumor ear served as a control to minimize intersubject variability in the latencies. A standard audiologic evaluation was followed by ...