Emerging hybrid technologies have better potential than conventional technology for diversifying the desalination industry, which is presently being dominated by thermal and membrane-based desalination. Notwithstanding technological maturity of processes, they remain highly energy-intensive processes certain disadvantages. Therefore, hybridization membrane holds great attention to mitigate limi...

1. Global Energy Problems and the Role of Renewables 1.1. Energy demand 1.2. Energy, environmental problems and sustainable development 1.3. Water demand and consumption 1.4. Water and energy 1.5. Desalination and energy 1.6. Renewable energy technologies 2. Solar Collectors 2.1. Parabolic trough collectors 2.2. Fresnel collectors 2.3. Parabolic dish reflector 2.4. Heliostat field collector 3. ...

Electricity–water cogeneration power plants are an important tool for advancing sustainable water treatment technologies because they provide a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution meeting the energy needs of communities. By integrating production, these can reduce carbon emissions help mitigate impact climate change. This work deals with exergy analysis plant electrical generat...

A single-effect diffusion still, instead of a multiple-effect (MED) combined with tilted wick (TW) still was investigated experimentally under actual weather conditions to investigate whether the natural convection can transport vapor from TW an MED adequately. It found that be heated by and solar radiation absorbed on still. From experiments in summer autumn, it both seasons absorbs directly o...

Solar stills are very simple to construct and to operate but their efficiency and productivity are fairly low. To increase the yield from stills different methods were adopted. In this paper, an experimental investigation on single and double effect desalination systems are reported and effects of some parameters such as water depth, input radiation intensity and salinity on the productivity of...

The paper presents an attempt to assess sustainability of desalination plants for water production based on resource, environmental and economic indicators. Four types of desalination plants are taken into a consideration: single MSF, dual purpose MSF, RO with local energy consumption and RO with PV electric energy production. The analysis is based on data from desalination plants in Gulf count...

Clean water obtained by desalinating sea water or by purifying wastewater, constitutes a major technological objective in the so-called water century. In this work, a high-performance reverse osmosis (RO) composite thin membrane using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and aromatic polyamide (PA), was successfully prepared by interfacial polymerization. The effect of MWCNT on the chlorine re...

Powering thermal desalination technologies by renewable energy is believed to be a viable solution overcome the worldwide freshwater scarcity problem without causing more damage environment. In this paper, multi-effect distillation system (MED) with mechanical vapor compression powered generated electrical power of photovoltaic/thermal collectors and assisted by-product generated. The sized acc...

Humidified gas turbines (HGT) have been identified as a promising way of producing power. The use of the steaminjected gas turbine (STIG) HGT cycle in a combined power and water desalination system was analyzed using energy and exergy performance criteria. A brief description and rationale of the background of HGT cycles and dual-purpose power and water systems is given. A thermal desalination ...

Large-scale desalination plants are complex systems with many inter-disciplinary interactions and different levels of subsystem hierarchy. Advanced complex systems design tools have been shown to have a positive impact on design in aerospace and automotive, but have generally not been used in the design of water systems. This work presents a multi-disciplinary design optimization approach to de...