Heat stress is a critical challenge to tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) in many areas of the globe and variations in genetic structure and functional traits is for the efficient breeding programs on developing heat tolerant cultivars. Tolerant-related morpho-physiological traits and simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were employed to survey genetic diversity in greenhouse and growth ...

The goal of Morpho Challenge 2008 was to find and evaluate unsupervised algorithms that provide morpheme analyses for words in different languages. Especially in morphologically complex languages, such as Finnish, Turkish and Arabic, morpheme analysis is important for lexical modeling of words in speech recognition, information retrieval and machine translation. The evaluation in Morpho Challen...

There are two main sources by which a child could learn language-particular phonological rules or constraints: segment distribution data and allomorphy. That is, seeing which phones appear in which phonetic contexts can give some initial clues toward the phonotactics of a language, and then seeing how morphemes alternate in phonetic form based on morpho-phonological context can fill in the rest...

Background When reading a word, skilled adult readers automatically decompose the word into its separate morphemes by processing word's morpho-orthography. In children, however, it still remains unclear when and how they start to words morphemes. Methods To better understand primary school children learn integrate automatic morphological processes their reading, we conducted masked priming expe...

Lineage persistence is as central to biology as evolutionary change. Important questions regarding persistence include: why do some lineages outlive their relatives, neither becoming extinct nor evolving into separate lineages? Do these long-duration lineages have distinctive ecological or morphological traits that correlate with their geologic durations and potentially aid their survival? In t...

In this paper, we develop a new generative paradigm with which to capture phonological generalizations. Our framework differs from standard generative frameworks inasmuch as we eschew all derivational analyses. Thus, we dispense with procedural transformations of underlying and intermediate representations into surface forms by means of the cyclic application of relatively unconstrained context...

The ordered, lamellae-structured ridges on the wing scales of Morpho butterflies give rise to their striking blue iridescence by multilayer interference and grating diffraction. At the same time, the random offsets among the ridges broaden the directional multilayer reflection peaks and the grating diffraction peaks that the color appears the same at various viewing angles, contrary to the very...

In this paper, we investigate the role of morphology in phrase-based statistical machine translation (SMT) from English to the highly inflectional Slovenian language. Translation to an inflectional language is a challenging task because of its morphological complexity. Rich morphology increases data sparsity and worsens the quality of statistical machine translation. The idea of the paper is to...