Accurate estimation of evapotranspiration has crucial importance in arid regions like Egypt, which suffers from the scarcity precipitation and water shortages. This study provides an investigation performance 31 widely used empirical equations 20 models developed using five artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms to estimate reference (ET0) generate gridded high-resolution daily ET0 estimates o...

The impact ofmodel structure andparameterization on the estimation of evaporation is investigated across a range of Penman–Monteith type models. To examine the role of model structure on flux retrievals, three different retrieval schemes are compared. The schemes include a traditional single-source Penman– Monteith model (Monteith, 1965), a two-layer model based on Shuttleworth and Wallace (198...

Remote sensing can assist in improving the estimation of the geographical distribution of evapotranspiration, and consequently water demand in large cultivated areas for irrigation purposes and sustainable water resources management. In the direction of these objectives, the daily actual evapotranspiration was calculated in this study during the summer season of 2001 over the Thessaly plain in ...

Crop coefficient for cherries was evaluated by measure the water consumption in Michigan State to find its variation with time as plant growth. coefficients value (Kc) were predicated University (MSU) and also Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) according consume of through season. In this paper crop are modified accordingly actual measurements soil moisture content. Actual evapotranspiration (...

seasonal variations of climatic parameters are significant in arid and semi-arid regions and sensitivity of each parameter may differ in different seasons. no work has been done in this regard in iran. therefore, in this study, sensitivity analysis of the asce-penman-monteith grass reference evapotranspiration (eto) equation was investigated on the basis of variation of mean air temperature (tm...

The FAO 56 Penman–Monteith equation (PM) is considered the most accurate method for estimating reference evapotranspiration (ETo). However, PM requires a large amount of data that not always available. Thus, objective this study to improve Hargreaves–Samani (HS) estimates in Peruvian Altiplano (PA) by calibrating radiation coefficient KRS. results show modified HS (HSM) ETo at validation after ...

Abstract Climate change in Indonesia is marked by changes temperature, rainfall patterns, sea level and climate variability. The condition of the Sausu watershed a natural process that occurs magnitude air temperature. This study was conducted to identify dangers water sector watershed. analytical method used Modified Penman evapotranspiration, balance analysis model F.J. Mock, Makesens, Cumula...