The growth of slant cracks by fretting fatigue of a half plane in contact with a flat rounded pad was studied. The mode I and mode II stress intensity factors for cracks of various lengths and directions were calculated using the semi-analytical method of the distribution of dislocations, and their cumulative effect on the crack growth was investigated using the strain energy density criterion....

background & aim: despite the advantages of natural childbirth and complications associated with cesarean section, rate of cesarean delivery has increased dramatically in recent years. therefore, appropriate training is essential to reducing this trend. this study aimed to evaluate the effects of training about the benefits of natural childbirth on the attitude and intention to select the mode ...

introduction the use of cut-outs in electron applicators make changes on output, isodose, and percentage depth dose (pdd) curves. these changes and electron beam dose distribution in the form of three-dimensional (3d) can be measured by gel dosimeters. materials and methods dosimetry was performed with and without a square shield (6×6 cm2 field). the energies were 4, 9, and 16 mev and phantom w...

introduction: the risk of morbidity and mortality increases in neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care units (nicus). various factors contribute to the prognosis of these newborns. in the current study, we aimed to investigate the role of mode of delivery on short-term neonatal outcomes. methods: this retrospective study was conducted on 215 neonates admitted to the nicu of shohada-e-t...

abstract background: the number of women who select cesarean section due to fear of childbirth has increased. role play education seems to be a helpful method to remove or reduce the fear of childbirth. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of role play education on primiparous women’s fear of natural delivery and their decision on the mode of delivery. materials and methods: in...

The coordination problem of relief items’ distribution operations is essential in humanitarian relief chains. If the coordination is proper, it will improve the response phase to the crisis. In order to improve the coordination in humanitarian relief chains, distribution and warehousing operations of relief items were outsourced to the third-party logistics. In this paper, the procurement-distr...

trichoderma is a genus of asexually reproducing fungi that is present in all types of soils. trichoderma species have been recognized as antagonists of soil-borne and foliage pathogens and as efficient decomposers of cellulosic waste materials. moreover, they have the ability to increase plant growth and induce plant resistance. along with mycoparasitism, antibiotics and competition, induced re...

The mitochondrial network fragments and becomes uniformly dispersed within the cytoplasm when mammalian cells enter mitosis. Such morphology and distribution of mitochondria was previously thought to facilitate the stochastic inheritance of mitochondria by daughter cells. In contrast, we recently reported that mitochondria in dividing mammalian cells are inherited by an ordered mechanism of inh...