Karst collapse columns, as a potential water passageway for mine water inrush, are always considered a critical problem for the development of deep mining techniques. This study aims to identify the mixing process of groundwater deriving two different limestone karst-fissure aquifer systems. Based on analysis of mining groundwater hydrogeochemical properties, hydraulic connection between the ka...

[1] The mechanisms controlling the distribution of radiocarbon over the deep Pacific are examined using, firstly, a simplified one-and-a-half-layer model and, secondly, an isopycnic circulation model with parameterized radiocarbon sources and sinks. Two mechanisms control the radiocarbon at depth: relatively fast, lateral transport of bottom waters determining the horizontal distribution and a ...

The spatial resolutions of numerical atmospheric and oceanic circulation models have steadily increased over the past decades. Horizontal grid spacing down to the order of 1 km is now often used to resolve cloud systems in the atmosphere and sub-mesoscale circulation systems in the ocean. These fine resolution models encompass a wide range of temporal and spatial scales, across which dynamical ...

The Rare Earth Elements (REEs) have been widely used to investigate marine biogeochemical processes as well as the sources and mixing of water masses. However, there are still important uncertainties about the global aqueous REE cycle with respect to the contributions of highly reactive basaltic minerals originating from volcanic islands and the role of Submarine Groundwater Discharge (SGD). He...

The effects of water/oil volume ratio, type and concentration of demulsifier, water salinity and mixing speed on the average water droplets size in water-oil emulsion are evaluated at different times through NMR measurements.The type and concentration of demulsifier have the greatest effects on the average droplet size with 38% and 31.5%, respectively. The water/oil volume ratio, water salinity...

Temperature and water vapor variations due to clouds in the tropical tropopause layer (TTL) are investigated using co-located MLS, CALIPSO, and CloudSat data. Convective cooling occurs only up to the cloud tops, with warming above these heights in the TTL. Water vapor and ozone anomalies above the cloud tops are consistent with the warming being due to downward motion. Thicker clouds are associ...

Both the stratiform and convective regions play important roles in development of mesoscale systems (MCSs). In this study, impacts hydrometeors water vapor region on evolution MCSs during a heavy rainfall event over South China are investigated by Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model with Thompson microphysics. A series sensitivity experiments including reductions to 95%, 80% (water experim...

Clouds play an important role in regulating atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics by redistributing momentum, thermal and moisture through mixing, latent heat release, and microphysical processes. However, conventional observational data for such important parameters are usually not available. An operational cloud verification system is being developed at the Joint Center for Satellite Data A...

The troposphere is the region of the atmosphere characterized by low static stability, vigorous diabatic mixing, and widespread condensational heating in clouds. Previous research has argued that in the tropics, the upper bound on tropospheric mixing and clouds is constrained by the rapid decrease with height of the saturation water vapor pressure and hence radiative cooling by water vapor in c...