TrmJ proteins from the SPOUT methyltransferase superfamily are tRNA Xm32 modification enzymes that occur in bacteria and archaea. Unlike archaeal TrmJ, bacterial TrmJ require full-length tRNA molecules as substrates. It remains unknown how bacterial TrmJs recognize substrate tRNAs and specifically catalyze a 2'-O modification at ribose 32. Herein, we demonstrate that all six Escherichia coli (E...

BACKGROUND Due to shortage of local donor tissue and unreliable blood supply, free flaps were the mainstay of treatment for tissue defects in the lower leg and foot region, but it requires a qualified microvascular surgeon. Recently, attention has been paid to reverse superficial sural artery flap (RSSAF) and its modifications as a good alternative to pave the way to simple and friendly techniq...

1Address all correspondence to: Michael G. Tordoff, Ph.D., Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104-3308, USA, e-mail: [email protected] TORDOFF, M.G., AND BACHMANOV, A.A., Mouse taste preference tests: Influence of drinking spout position. Unpublished. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the results of two-bottle taste tests are influenced by cage l...

A substantial literature implicates the anterior and mediodorsal (limbic) thalamic nuclei and the reciprocally interconnected areas of cingulate cortex in learning, memory, and attentional processes. Previous studies have shown that limbic thalamic lesions severely impair discriminative avoidance learning and that they block development of training-induced neuronal activity in the cingulate cor...

Accurate calculation of the minimum fluidization velocity makes it possible to reduce raw material losses due use excessively high or low air velocities. This is particularly true for impingement fluidization, which little studied, especially when treating parachute-shaped material. paper focused on determining drag coefficient cauliflower florets, mushrooms, and broccoli. Analysis critical par...

We report a method that uses the process of selective withdrawal of one fluid through a second immiscible fluid to coat small particles with polymer films. Fluid is withdrawn through a tube with its orifice slightly above a water-oil interface. Upon increasing the flow rate, there is a transition from a state where only oil is withdrawn to a state where the water, containing the particles to be...