_Background:_ Asthma is an airway disorder where inflammatory cytokines are partly responsible for exacerbating the disease. Interleukin (IL)-32, generally referred to as natural killer cell (NK4) transcript 4, described immunoregulator involved in stimulation of anti-/pro-inflammatory cytokines. The abnormal presence IL-32 has been observed during diseases, particularly asthma. This study aims...

OBJECTIVE To estimate the distribution of asthma severity in a population-based sample of children from Salvador, Brazil. METHODS An epidemiologically oriented questionnaire (International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, ISAAC) and a questionnaire based on criteria used in clinical practice (The Global Initiative for Asthma, GINA) were administered simultaneously to 417 children a...

Airway inflammation in severe asthma is not well characterized but may involve neutrophils. We have compared induced sputum profiles in patients with asthma of varying severity and normal control subjects. We have also measured exhaled nitric oxide (NO) as a noninvasive marker of inflammation. Asthma severity was based on clinical features before treatment and the minimum medication required to...

Background: CD163-expressing macrophages are involved in the inflammatory response in asthma. Objective: To assess sputum and serum soluble CD163 (sCD163) and cytokine levels in patients with asthma. Further discussed was the difference between sCD163 and other classic inflammatory mediators. Methods: Sputum was successfully induced in asthma patients (n=85) and healthy controls (n=21). Interle...

Increasing evidence suggests that patients with asthma have activated coagulation within the airways. Whether this leads to an increase in venous thromboembolic events is unknown. We therefore assessed the incidence of venous thromboembolic events in patients with mild-to-moderate and severe asthma as compared with an age- and sex-matched reference population. 648 patients with asthma (283 with...

BACKGROUND Budesonide inhalation suspension and the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast have demonstrated efficacy in children with mild persistent asthma, but comparative long-term studies in young children are needed. OBJECTIVE To compare the long-term efficacy and safety of budesonide inhalation suspension and montelukast. METHODS After a run-in period, children 2 to 8 years old ...

BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of impaired breathing. The disease causes psychological problems due to hospitalization, long-term medication use, and restricted social life. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the severity and duration of asthma and psychological problems in asthmatic children, as...