[1] Stable isotope and elemental measurements were conducted on foraminifera from a sequence of calcareous pelagic ooze at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1209 to document the thermal evolution of the North Pacific water column over Shatsky Rise and to address long-standing questions about the nature of oceanic circulation in the early Paleogene. A major change in seasonality and water column struc...

Growth of the first permanent Antarctic ice sheets at the Eocene-Oligocene Transition (EOT), ∼33.7 million years ago, indicates a major climate shift within long-term Cenozoic cooling. The driving mechanisms that set the stage for this glaciation event are not well constrained, however, owing to large uncertainties in temperature reconstructions during the Eocene, especially at lower latitudes....

Undisputed anthropoids appear in the fossil record of Africa and Asia by the middle Eocene, about 45 Ma. Here, we report the discovery of an early Eocene eosimiid anthropoid primate from India, named Anthrasimias, that extends the Asian fossil record of anthropoids by 9-10 million years. A phylogenetic analysis of 75 taxa and 343 characters of the skull, postcranium, and dentition of Anthrasimi...

Although chrysophyte stomatocysts have a fossil record that likely extends to the lower Cretaceous, to date neither scales nor bristles of the scaled chrysophyte genera older than Holocene have been reported. This leaves the origin of this important group of freshwater algae a mystery. We discovered abundant and diverse scaled chrysophyte microfossils in ca. 47 Ma sediments (Middle Eocene, Lute...

The present paper reviews the geological development of the Faroes part of the NE Atlantic Margin in the Cenozoic Era. The Faroes area is located west of the post-Caledonian rift basin system formed in the Devonian after the collapse of the Caledonian mountains. Tectonic movements and plate reorganizations during several phases have strongly influenced sedimentation and erosion along the Caledo...

Mimotonids share their closest affinity with lagomorphs and were a rare and endemic faunal element of Paleogene mammal assemblages of central Asia. Here we describe a new species, Mimolagus aurorae from the Middle Eocene of Nei Mongol (China). This species belongs to one of the most enigmatic genera of fossil Glires, previously known only from the type and only specimen from the early Oligocene...

Sciuravids are a diverse group of early to middle Eocene rodents known from North America. The delineation among species of Sciuravus is challenging because of extensive intraspecific morphological variation. Previous studies have reviewed the type species of Sciuravus, S. nitidus, and have presented descriptions of several other species of the genus, but no comprehensive comparisons have been ...

In 1974, Fiersline and Applegate described a new species of billfish, Xiphiorhynchus kimblalocki, based on a rostrum, two vertebrae, and two partial fin spines, from the Yazoo Clay For­ mation, late Eoccne, Mississippi, U.S.A. This was the first sub­ stantiated record of Xiphiorhynchus van Beneden, 1871, outside of western Europe. Since this initial discovery, there have been three other record...

new evidence gained by the study of foraminifera from khuzestan province in southwest iran reveals that the basal limit of the genus heterostegina is not restricted to the eocene epoch. by introducing a new species of this genus (h. rezvaninejadi), this study shows that the early appearance of this genus should be lowered down further still, at least, into the middle paleocene.