Five new series of 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene derivatives carrying important pharamacophores, viz., amide, ester, ether and active secondary aryl moieties have been designed and synthesized through multistep reactions starting from thiodiglycolic ester and diethyl oxalate. They have been characterized by elemental and spectral data. All the target compounds have been screened for their anticonv...

Despite the progress in the pharmacotherapy of depression, there is a substantial proportion of treatment-resistant patients. Recently, reversible invasive stimulation methods, i.e. vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS), have been introduced into the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD). VNS has already received regulatory approval for TRD. This paper revi...

S AND REVIEWS the important contributions by Sharpey-Schafer and Horsley on the symptoms produced by extirpation of various parts of the cerebral hemispheres. Then came the three memorable papers of Beevor and Horsley on the electrical excitability of the monkey and orang brains, 1887 to 1890. Sherrington and his pupils have since followed with their painstaking studies, mapping out the areas o...