The peroxo dizinc Zn(2)O(2) complex Q coordinated by imidazole and carboxylate groups for each Zn center has been designed to model the hydroxylase component of methane monooxygenase (MMO) enzyme, on the basis of the experimentally available structure information of enzyme with divalent zinc ion and the MMO with Fe(2)O(2) core. The reaction mechanism for the hydroxylation of methane and its der...

Coalbed methane (CBM) plays an important role in coal mining safety and natural gas production. In this work, The CBM potential of B2 seam in Parvadeh IV coal deposit, in central Iran, was evaluated using a combination of local regression and geostatistical methods. As there were 30 sparse methane sampling points in the Parvadeh IV coal deposit, no valid variogram was achieved for the methane c...

This study evaluated the effects of dilution rate and forage-to-concentrate ratio on gas production by rumen microbes. Continuous cultures were used to monitor methane production at three liquid dilution rates (3.2, 6.3, or 12.5%/h) and three forage-to-concentrate ratios (70:30, 50:50, or 30:70). Filtered ruminal contents were allowed 6 d of adaptation to diets followed by 7 d of data collectio...

Analyses of air bubbles within ice cores suggest that the concentration of atmospheric methane remained fairly steady from 1500 BC to 1700 AD. However, with the dawn of the Industrial Revolution atmospheric methane concentrations began to increase. Recent findings of Simpson et al. (2006) have shown that the growth in the concentration of tropospheric methane has leveled off based on air sampli...

Methane (CH(4)) production from the anti-inflammatory agent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), was used to measure .OH from chemical reactions or human phagocytes. Reactions producing .OH (xanthine/xanthine oxidase or Fe(++)/EDTA/H(2)O(2)) generated CH(4) from DMSO, whereas reactions yielding primarily O-(2) or H(2)O(2) failed to produce CH(4). Neutrophils (PMN), monocytes, and alveolar macrophages al...

Methane ices have been detected on ice-coated interstellar grains and on the surface of Kuiper belt objects. These ices are chemically altered by ionizing radiation in the form of energetic photons and charged particles, leading to complex organic molecules. Despite decades of research, the chemical makeup of these newly synthesized molecules has not been completely understood to date. Here, we...

In recent years, hollow-core photonic bandgap fibers (HC-PBFs) have been demonstrated to be a promising technology for gas sensing. In particular, the long interaction path lengths available with these fibers are especially advantageous for the detection of weakly absorbing gases such as methane. In the near-infrared region, methane has the strongest absorption band, 2ν3, at 1670 nm. However, H...

Natural gas is catalytically converted into several bulk chemicals such as ammonia, methanol, dimethyl ether, and synthetic liquid fuels by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis and similar processes. The main step in the conversion of natural gas to these products is the production of synthesis gas with the desired composition ranging from H2/CO = 3:1 used for the production of ammonia to the 1:1 mixture ...