MINIATURIZATION OF THE FREON COMPRESSOR: THE BELLOWS PUMP James L. Kamm University of Toledo Thermal Engineering Company Toledo, Ohio All indicators point to the decade of the 1980's as the years of conservation. Whatever the technological "fix" of the future that will bring endless and sufficient energy supplies, if one exists, it will not be available within this time framework. Conservation ...

Although the use of formant frequencies in nonhuman animal vocal communication systems has received considerable recent interest, only a few studies have examined the importance of these acoustic cues to body size during intra-sexual competition between males. Here we used playback experiments to present free-ranging male koalas with re-synthesised bellow vocalisations in which the formants wer...

The paper considers a novel modular and intrinsically safe redundant robotic system with biologically inspired actuators (pneumatic artificial muscles and rubber bellows actuators). Similarly to the biological systems, the stiffness of the internal parallel modules, representing 2 DOF joints in the serial robotic chains, is controlled by co-activation of opposing redundant actuator groups in th...

The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is a SASE 1.5-15 Å x-ray Free-Electron Laser (FEL) facility [1]. Since an ultra-short intense bunch is used in the LCLS operation one might suggest that wake fields, generated in the vacuum chamber, may have an effect on the x-ray production because these fields can change the beam particle energies thereby increasing the energy spread in a bunch. At LCLS ...

We prove that the Dehn invariants of any Bricard octahedron remain constant during the flex and that the Strong Bellows Conjecture holds true for the Steffen flexible polyhedron. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 52C25.

Gas-lifted oil wells are susceptible to failure through malfunction of gas lift valve assemblies (GLV). One failure mode occurs when the GLV check valve fails and product passes into the well annulus, potentially reaching the wellhead. This is a growing concern as offshore wells are drilled thousands of meters below the ocean floor in extreme temperature and pressure conditions, and repair and ...

The two cases to be presented demonstrate ventilatory insufficiency of the restrictive type due ,in the first instance to primary neuromuscular dysfunction and in the second to chronic pleural disease with resulting calcification and restriction of the underlying parenchyma and diaphragm. Of particular interest was the development of congestive heart failure in both of these patients. These cas...