Sodium chloride has been proved that it is an effective promoter for the reduction of high-magnesium, low-nickel oxide ore. The aim of current work is to clarify the promotion behavior of sodium chloride in the roasting reduction process. The influence of moisture on the reduction of ore in the presence of sodium chloride is studied to get clear comprehension of promotion process. In the presen...

Heap leaching accounts for a fifth of global copper production, sourced primarily from porphyry ores, yet metal recoveries are often not optimal. Gangue, and its interaction with acid, plays an important role in such processes. Thus, a proper understanding of gangue minerals present in the ore, their textural relationships relative to particle size distribution, reactivity with acid under diffe...

The magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of porphyry-style mineralization in the shallow crust that is linked to magmatic processes at depth has been extensively studied using bulksample isotopic analysis combined with relative timing constraints. However, a lack of evaluation of the fluid evolution process against an absolute time frame limits further understanding of the ore-forming process. Here,...

The Gironde fluvial estuarine system is impacted by historic metal pollution (e.g. Cd, Zn, Hg) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) from the estuary mouth have shown extremely high Cd concentrations for decades. Based on recent work (Chiffoleau et al., 2005) revealing anomalously high Ag concentrations (up to 65 mg kg(-1); dry weight) in Gironde oysters, we compared long-term (~1955-2001) records of...

Hydrometallurgical processes for metal extraction are becoming more and popular as average ore grades declining huge tonnages of tailings recycle materials containing valuable metals being accumulated all around the world [...]

the sorkheh deposit in northwestern iran exhibits several readily visible general characteristics of sediment-hosted stratiform copper (ssc) mineralization. it consists of fine-grained disseminated base-metal sulfides within gray sandstones (gray beds, the basal whitish miocene sandstone and shallow-water) that overlie a thick sequence of red beds (miocene upper red formation). the host gray be...

Motivated by the construction of new examples of Artin-Schelter regular algebras of global dimension four, J.J.Zhang and J.Zhang (2008) introduced an algebra extension AP [y1, y2;σ, δ, τ ] of A, which they called a double Ore extension. This construction seems to be similar to that of a two-step iterated Ore extension over A. The aim of this paper is to describe those double Ore extensions whic...