Serum concentrations of bile acids and tyrosine were determined in 14 premature infants with late metabolic acidosis and in 13 comparable controls without acidosis (protein intake 2 g/kg X d). At the same time the bile acids and the catalytic activity concentrations of lipase and trypsin were estimated in the duodenal juice. The daily faecal excretion and the percentage of fat eliminated were m...

INTRODUCTION Acid-base abnormalities are common in the intensive care unit (ICU). Differences in outcome exist between respiratory and metabolic acidosis in similar pH ranges. Some forms of metabolic acidosis (for example, lactate) seem to have worse outcomes than others (for example, chloride). The relative incidence of each type of disorder is unknown. We therefore designed this study to dete...

Metabolic acidosis may arise from several drugs and toxins through a variety of mechanisms. Differentiating the causes of metabolic acidosis in the poisoned patient is an indispensable skill in clinical practice. Comprehension of toxin-induced metabolic acidosis, combined with a thorough history, physical examination, appropriate use of laboratory tests, and a stepwise approach, should aid the ...

Renal tubular acidosis type 1, also called distal renal tubular acidosis, is characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia, and low urinary NH4. Its etiology is variable and includes sporadic, hereditary, and acquired forms. It should be differentiated from other forms of RTA and other causes of metabolic acidosis. Long-term alkali therapy is th...

Although metabolic acidosis from a variety of causes is very frequent in infancy, congenital acidosis appears to be extremely rare. Two unrelated cases of a new syndrome are now described with a congenital metabolic acidosis resulting from a block in the conversion of methylmalonic acid to succinic acid. The first had persistent mild acidosis with acute episodes of severe metabolic acidosis dur...

The clinical features, arterial blood gases, and acid-base profile were examined in 229 consecutive episodes of acute asthma in 170 patients who required hospitalization. A simple respiratory alkalosis was the most common acid-base disturbance, occurring in 48 percent of the episodes. Metabolic acidosis, either alone or as part of a mixed disturbance, was noted in 28 percent. Of 60 episodes pre...

Renal tubular acidosis type 1, also called distal renal tubular acidosis, is characterized by hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, hypokalemia, hypercalciuria, hypocitraturia, and low urinary NH4. Its etiology is variable and includes sporadic, hereditary, and acquired forms. It should be differentiated from other forms of RTA and other causes of metabolic acidosis. Long-term alkali therapy is th...

High anion gap metabolic acidosis in adults is a severe metabolic disorder for which the primary organic acid usually is apparent by clinical history and standard laboratory testing. We report a case of recurrent high anion gap metabolic acidosis in a 48-year-old man who initially presented with anorexia and malaise. Physical examination was unrevealing. Arterial pH was 6.98, P co 2 was 5 mm Hg...

OBJECTIVES Cardiovascular disease causes a major clinical problem in patients with end stage renal disease. Since metabolic acidosis is very common in patients with end stage renal disease, we aimed to investigate the effect of experimentally-induced metabolic acidosis on serum lipid profile and aortic fatty streak (FS) formation in normal and high-cholesterol fed rabbits. MATERIALS AND METHO...

The mammalian proximal tubule is an important mediator of the renal adaptive response to systemic acidosis. In chronic metabolic and respiratory acidosis the bicarbonate reabsorptive (or proton secretory) capacity is increased. This increase is mediated, at least in part, by an increase in Vmax of the luminal Na/H antiporter. To determine whether this adaptation involves increased mRNA expressi...