Despite there exist obvious metabolic changes within brain after subthalamic nucleus stimulation for refractory epilepsy, our understanding about the neuroanatomical and neurochemical mechanisms of subthalamic nucleus stimulation is still limited. Melanocortin receptor subtype 4 (MC4R) has been shown to mediate melanocortin effects on cerebral glucose metabolism, and, recently, to modulate astr...

The melanocortin 1 receptor gene is a main determinant of human pigmentation, and a melanoma susceptibility gene, because its variants that are strongly associated with red hair color increase melanoma risk. To test experimentally the association between melanocortin 1 receptor genotype and melanoma susceptibility, we compared the responses of primary human melanocyte cultures naturally express...