In this study, we aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of and genetic factors influencing diabetic nephropathy (DN). Gene expression profiles associated with DN were obtained from the GEO database (Accession no. GSE20844). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between diabetic mice and non-diabetic mice were screened. Subsequently, the DEGs were subjected to functional and pathway anal...

Zusammenfassung Die Soziologie der Bewertung fokussiert bislang vor allem die Perspektive Bewertenden und konzipiert als etwas, das Bewertende tun. Dieser Einseitigkeit stellt Aufsatz Ambivalenz Perspektivität seines Forschungsgegenstands gegenüber. Er untersucht Pflegebegutachtung durch den Medizinischen Dienst Krankenkassen (MDK). Das Verfahren knüpft ein begehrtes Gut (Versicherungsleistunge...

Michael F. DeFreitas,*§ Cathleen K. Yoshida," William A. Frezler,t Donna L. Mendrick,$, Robed M. Kypta,* and Louis F. Reichardt* *Department of Physiology Howard Hughes Medical Institute University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California 94143-0724 tDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri 63110 tDepartment o...

BACKGROUND Fracture healing is known to be delayed in postmenopausal, osteoporotic females under oestrogen-deficient conditions. Confirming this, experimental studies demonstrated impaired callus formation in ovariectomised animals. Oestrogen-deficiency is known to affect the immune system and the inflammatory response during wound healing. Because a balanced immune response is required for pro...

BACKGROUND Midkine is a heparin-binding cytokine involved in cell survival and various inflammatory processes. Midkine accumulates in senile plaques of patients with Alzheimer's disease, while it counteracts the cytotoxic effects of amyloid β-peptide and inhibits its oligomerization. The present study was conducted to understand the role of midkine upon plaque formation of amyloid β-peptide. ...

Midkine (MK) is a retinoic acid-inducible heparin-binding cytokine. In the inflammatory synovitis of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, MK was detected in synovial fluid, synoviocytes, and endothelial cells of new blood vessels. Normal synovial fluid and noninflammatory synovial tissue did not contain detectable MK. Therefore, MK showed inflammation-associated expression in these cases. F...

Midkine is a heparin-binding di-domain growth factor, implicated in many biological processes as diverse as angiogenesis, neurogenesis and tumorigenesis. Elevated midkine levels reflect poor prognosis for many carcinomas, yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms orchestrating its activity remain unclear. At the present time, the individual structures of isolated half domains of human midkine a...