As energy policies mandate increases in bioenergy production, new research supports growing bioenergy feedstocks on marginal lands. Subsequently there has been an increase in published work that uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to map the availability of marginal land as a proxy for bioenergy crop potential. However, despite the similarity in stated intent among these works a number of...

This paper derives a Phillips curve with imported commodities as an additional input in the production process. Given greater reliance on exogenously priced imported commodities in production then changes in output lead to a reduced impact on marginal costs and prices. The Phillips curve becomes ‡atter relative to the benchmark New Keynesian case. Empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that...

If stock-outs are ignored and if demand shocks are additive, then optimal behaviour requires that the marginal cost of production (MC) be equated with the expected marginal revenue of increasing expected sales by one unit (EMR). However, with more general demand shocks (and still ignoring stock-outs), the excess of MC over EMR has the same sign as the covariance of the slope of the demand curve...

due to contiguous city of ravar with lut and dasht-e kavir desert, and weather conditions, water is one of the rarest agricultural inputs in this city. pistachio allocates 90% of garden and 73% of agricultural lands of the city and it is the most important agricultural product in this region. a major source of agricultural water supply in this area is groundwater. low price of water on one side...

Sufficient cause interactions concern cases in which there is a particular causal mechanism for some outcome that requires the presence of 2 or more specific causes to operate. Empirical conditions have been derived to test for sufficient cause interactions. However, when regression outcome models are used to control for confounding variables in tests for sufficient cause interactions, the outc...

The non-differentiability and implicit definition of boundary of production possibility set (PPS) in data envelopment analysis (DEA) are two important difficulties for obtaining directional characteristics, including different elasticity measures and marginal rates of substitution. Also, imposing weight restrictions in DEA models have some shortcomings and misunderstandings. In this paper we ut...

Switchgrass displays an excellent potential to serve as a non-food bioenergy feedstock for bioethanol production in China due to its high potential yield on marginal lands. However, few studies have been conducted on the spatial distribution of switchgrass-based bioethanol production potential in China. This study created a land surface process model (Environmental Policy Integrated Climate GIS...