‘Terigas’ mandarin is one of the cultivars cultivated in almost all Indonesia’s provinces. However, this cultivar prone to cracking, and little research has been conducted on fruit cracking Indonesia. The goal study was determine effect peel anatomy, leaf nutrient content, quality cultivar. A Completely Block Design (CBD) with three replications used. Results showed that thickness uncracked big...

This study investigated the effects of two parameters (i.e., interruption rate, and duty cycle of interruption) on the perception of periodically interrupted Mandarin speech. Normal-hearing listeners were instructed to identify consonant/vowel/tone/word from isolated Mandarin words and recognize Mandarin sentences when they were temporally interrupted by square wave. Results showed that consist...

This study examined how Vietnamese learners of Mandarin who varied in their learning experience perceived synthesized Mandarin tones. We aimed to assess whether and how learners’ sensitivity to tonal correlates is commensurate with their knowledge and experience in the target language. 60 Vietnamese learners of Mandarin in Hanoi, and native speakers of Mandarin, were recruited to participate in...

Previous studies in interlanguage speech intelligibility benefit (ISIB) did not separate the effects of shared knowledge of L1 in non-native talkers from those of listeners through extensive exposure to accented L2 speech, which is crucial to the mechanism underlying ISIB. This preliminary study attempts to tease apart the two by comparing perception accuracy of Mandarin-accented English words ...

late ripening citrus cultivars are very acceptable in the market. with respect to scarcity of late ripening citrus cultivars in iran, the project was conducted to produce a new late ripening cultivar for 21 years (1989-2009). the first phase (1989-1993) was started with controlled pollination between mineolla tangelo (citrus paradisi × c. reticulata) and changsha mandarin (c. changsha). after a...

The peel components of Mandarin, Sour lemon and Sour orange were analyzed. Peel flavorcomponents were extracted using cold-press method and eluted using n-hexane. All compoundswere analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. Twenty-seven, Twenty-four and Twenty-nine peelcomponents were identified in Mandarin, Sour lemon and Sour orange respectively. They includealdehydes, alcohols, esters, monoterpenes an...

This paper addresses serial verb constructions (SVCs) in English and Mandarin. Although Mandarin and English is different in the total number of SVC types, three so-called SVC types are found to be common across English and Mandarin: purposive SVCs (e.g. go eat); causative SVCs (e.g. I made him laugh); perceptive SVCs (e.g. I saw him laugh). This paper has demonstrated typical SVCs have unique ...

The paper investigates tone realization in monosyllabic and disyllabic words in Cantonese, Cantonese-spoken Mandarin and Standard Mandarin, focusing on the deviations of tone realization in Cantonese-spoken Mandarin from standard Mandarin in monosyllabic and disyllabic words. The analysis on monosyllabic and disyllabic tone patterns shows that most of the tone deviations in Cantonese-accented M...

'flying dragon' is one of the citrus rootstocks that are considered to be a promised dwarfing rootstock in the world. this experiment was conducted in the astara research station for study of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of 4 mandarin cultivars (unshiu, clementine, page, and yunesi) budded on 'flying dragon'. this experiment was carried out with four cultivars in randomized comp...