We report that human secretory breast carcinoma (SBC), a rare subtype of infiltrating ductal carcinoma, expresses the ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion previously cloned in pediatric mesenchymal cancers. This gene fusion encodes a chimeric tyrosine kinase with potent transforming activity in fibroblasts. ETV6-NTRK3 expression was confirmed in 12 (92%) of 13 SBC cases, but not in other ductal carcinomas. R...

Accumulating evidence from a number of malignancies including breast cancer suggests that tumorigenesis is driven by a subset of tumor cells which retain stem cell properties. The cancer stem cell concept proposes that cancer originates from malignant transformation of stem/progenitor cells. A number of pathways have been implicated in maintenance of tissue specific stem/progenitor cells, inclu...

Background: Elastography is an imaging technique which has been used in the last decades and its role breast masses characterization well established. However, value for predicting cancer grading yet to be studied. Objective: To determine of strain elastography prediction grade mammary ductal carcinoma. Methods: A cross sectional study enrolled 44 female patients with Breast Imaging Reporting D...

Background: Breast phyllodes tumor (PT), the rare fibroepithelial mammary is composed by mesenchymal and epithelial components, only 1%~2% of which were accompanied breast cancer. The incidence non-invasive ductal carcinoma (DCIS) arising in benign PTs even rarer. There no certain treatment for it currently because low PT with DCIS. Case Description: Here, we report a 57-year-old female patient...

Stromal-epithelial interactions are critical in determining patterns of growth, development and ductal morphogenesis in the mammary gland, and their perturbations are significant components of tumorigenesis. Growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) contribute to these reciprocal stromal-epithelial interactions. To determine the role of signaling through the EGF receptor (EGFR) in ma...

Metastasis confined to eyelids are rare, representing less than 1% of malignant eyelid lesions. More than 50% of all eyelid metastasis are reported to have the breast as the most common primary origin. Two cases of metastatic eyelid disease associated with primary breast carcinoma are described. These lesions were the first sign of metastatic systemic disease. Case 1: An 80-year old woman with ...

BACKGROUND The main prognostic factor in early staged breast cancer is the axillary lymph node metastatic affection. Sentinel lymph node biopsy, as a staging modality, significantly decreases surgical morbidity. The status of internal mammary lymph nodes gains an increased predictive role in grading breast carcinomas and modulation of postoperative therapeutic protocols. If positive, almost alw...

background and objective: since the advent of mammography screening, ductal carcinoma in situ (dcis) of the breast has been diagnosed increasingly. in contrast to the situation in invasive breast carcinoma, there are only a few reports on androgen receptor (ar) status in dcis and few reports on estrogen (er) and progesterone (pr) receptors. materials and methods: ar expression was examined in 5...