In this research, some more applicable ferrofluids are produced and their mechanical specifications are measured, experimentally. Also, their treatments in the ventilated cavity geometry are assessed numerically. The magnetite nanoparticles are produced by a chemical combination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ with NH3. In order to solve the nanoparticles in the new mediums, a...

In this research, some more applicable ferrofluids are produced and their mechanical specifications are measured, experimentally. Also, their treatments in the ventilated cavity geometry are assessed numerically. The magnetite nanoparticles are produced by a chemical combination of Fe2+ and Fe3+ with NH3. In order to solve the nanoparticles in the new mediums, a...

The prospect of controlling the magnetization (M) of a material is of great importance from the viewpoints of fundamental physics and future applications of emerging spintronics. A class of rare-earth orthoferrites RFeO3 (R is rare-earth element) materials exhibit striking physical properties of spin switching and magnetization reversal induced by temperature and/or applied magnetic field. Furt...

An evaporative cooling system is employed via microwave radiation, incident on 87Rb contained in a magnetic quadrupole trap, to drive transitions in the atomic vapor between trapped and untrapped states. In addition, the degree of sample losses due to these transitions is studied with consideration given to the amplitude and frequency of incident electromagnetic fields. To understand the underl...

We study the possibility that a large fraction of the gas at temperatures of ∼ 10 K in cooling flow clusters cools by heat conduction to lower temperatures, rather than by radiative cooling. We argue that this process, when incorporated into the so-called “moderate cooling flow model,” where the effective age of the intracluster medium is much lower than the age of the cluster, reduces substant...

In this paper we present computations of the integrated metal-ion column densities produced in the post-shock cooling layers behind fast, radiative shock-waves. For this purpose, we have constructed a new shock code that calculates the non-equilibrium ionization and cooling; follows the radiative transfer of the shock self-radiation through the post-shock cooling layers; takes into account the ...

We report on the attainment of Bose-Einstein condensation with ultracold strontium atoms. We use the (84)Sr isotope, which has a low natural abundance but offers excellent scattering properties for evaporative cooling. Accumulation in a metastable state using a magnetic-trap, narrowline cooling, and straightforward evaporative cooling in an optical trap lead to pure condensates containing 1.5 x...