In this paper we present our advances in a data structure, the Gap Navigation Tree (GNT), useful for solving different visibility-based robotic tasks in unknown planar environments. We present its use for optimal robot navigation in simply-connected environments, locally optimal navigation in multiply-connected environments, pursuit-evasion, and robot localization. The guiding philosophy of thi...

Background: Due to different such as some sexrelated illnesses, spouses have been encourage to designate special treatments for assessing sexuality. Moreover, Utilizing from identifying sexulityb has been an important aim in industry in order to product humans needs and develop cattle. In this research, the effect of alkaline environments were examined migration spermatozoa for sex selection. M...

One of the most effective treatments of anxiety is exposure therapy: a person is exposed to specific feared situations or objects that trigger anxiety. This exposure process may be done through actual exposure, with visualization, by imagination or using virtual reality (VR), that provides users with computer simulated environments with and within which they can interact. VR is made possible by...

In today’s knowledge-based society, great demands are placed on getting information and knowledge anywhere and anytime. This is now made even more possible with the advent of advanced and sophisticated technologies and services. Society must now keep pace with the ever-changing knowledge processes, learn and enhance existing skills as well as create new ones. Accordingly, in order to produce mo...

In the software reliability engineering literature, few attempts have been made to measure software reliability using discrete time modeling. One of the reasons can be attributed to the mathematical complexity involved in constructing such models. The proposed unified modelling approach provides a broad framework for developing NHPP type of discrete SRGMs. The framework adopts the number of tes...

This research deals with learning in digital environments. Adaptive game-based learning considers learners’ preferred learning behavior and adapts the game system accordingly. In order to analyze learning behavior, the focus lies on a specific cognitive style, impulsive and reflective (I/R), which describe behaviors in problem-solving and decision-making environments. Impulsive people tend to r...

In wearable computing environments, digitization of personal experiences will be made possible by continuous recordings using a wearable video camera. This could lead to the ``automatic life-log application''. However, it is evident that the resulting amount of video content will be enormous. Accordingly, to retrieve and browse desired scenes, a vast quantity of video data must be organized usi...

The human body is a system made of systems. The body is divided into bodily systems proper, such as the endocrine and circulatory systems, which are subdivided into many sub-systems at a variety of levels, whereby all systems and subsystems engage in massive causal interaction with each other and with their surrounding environments. Here we offer an explicit definition of bodily system and prov...