Cancer stem cells are thought to be the origin of tumor metastasis. However, evidence of cancer stem cells as the source of lymphatic metastasis in pancreatic cancer is not clear. In this study, we examined the stem cell-like properties of the highly lymphatic metastatic pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3-LN. Compared with the parental BxPC-3 cells, t...

Chronic stress drives cancer progression, but the routes of metastasis are unclear. We recently demonstrated that chronic stress activates a neural-inflammatory signaling axis to remodel lymphatic vasculature and increase lymph flow. This unanticipated crosstalk between stress and the lymphatic system provides pathways of tumor cell dissemination and accelerates metastasis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the redirection of lymphatic drainage post-lymphadenectomy using non-invasive near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging, and to subsequently assess impact on metastasis. BACKGROUND Cancer-acquired lymphedema arises from dysfunctional fluid transport after lymphadenectomy performed for staging and to disrupt drainage pathways for regional control of disease. However, l...

AIM To investigate the distribution pattern of lymphatic vessels and microvessels in sporadic colorectal carcinoma (SCRC) and their relationship to metastasis and prognosis. METHODS The lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and microvessel density (MVD) in tumor tissue obtained from 132 patients with primary SCRC, including 74 with metastases and 58 without metastases, were evaluated by immunohistoc...

Lymphatic metastasis is a poor prognostic factor in ovarian cancer, which correlates to the majority of cancer deaths. Matrix protein (MP) of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) exhibits potent antitumor and antiangiogenic activities through inducing apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. In this study, the antitumor and antimetastatic effects of MP were further investigated. Wild-type SKOV3 (WT-S...

BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) are potential markers of oral and maxillofacial squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). OBJECTIVES To explore the association between expression of VEGF, MMP-9 and TIMP-2 in oral and maxillofacial SCC and clinicopathological factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Immuno...

22 The main physiological function of the lymphatic vasculature is to maintain tissue fluid 23 homeostasis. Lymphangiogenesis or de novo lymphatic formation is closely associated with 24 tissue inflammation in adults (i.e. wound healing, allograft rejection, tumor metastasis). 25 Until recently, research on lymphangiogenesis focused mainly on growth factor/growth 26 factor-receptor pathways gov...

In individuals with mammary carcinoma, the most relevant prognostic predictor of distant organ metastasis and clinical outcome is the status of axillary lymph node metastasis. Metastases form initially in axillary sentinel lymph nodes and progress via connecting lymphatic vessels into postsentinel lymph nodes. However, the mechanisms of consecutive lymph node colonization are unknown. Through t...

BACKGROUND The development of new markers for lymphatic endothelium allowed the study of intratumoral lymphatic microcirculation, as well as its association with lymph node metastasis. METHODS In all, 120 patients with laryngopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LPSCC) without previous treatment were retrospectively studied. The immunohistochemical determination of PA2.26 antigen/podoplanin wa...