• Mamma-Carcinoma: Maitake, Shiitake, Coriolus, Reishi, Agaricus • Cervix-Carcinoma/Uterus: Agaricus, Coriolus • Colorectal Carcinoma: Agaricus, Maitake, Hericium • Stomach Carcinoma: Hericium, Coriolus • Leukemia: Cordyceps, Reishi, Maitake, Polyporus, Coriolus • Liver Cancer: Reishi, Maitake, Shiitake, Polyporus, Coriolus • Lung Cancer: Cordyceps, Reishi, Maitake, Polyporus, Coriolus • Lympho...

Serotonergic systems play important roles in modulating stress-induced arousal and vigilance behaviours. The pond snail, Lymnaea, shows multiple defensive vigilance behaviours in response to the stress associated with predator detection. Predator detection elicited by crayfish effluent (CE), increases the time to re-emerge from the shell and enhances the shadow withdrawal response. More importa...

The lymneid snail Lymnaea bogotensis Pilsbry 1935 is synonymized with L. cousini Jousseaume 1887, based on morphological comparisons of the reproductive systems. The shell, renal tube, and reproductive system are described and illustrated from specimens collected in the type locality and the municipality of Paipa, Colombia. Bibliographical records reveal L. columella to be the commonest lymneid...

Spilanthus acemella Murr. also known as toothache plant is investigated for its preliminary phytochemical analysis and molluscicidal activity. The water extract found maximum extractive value (3.730%) than other solvents used. All the tested metabolites were qualitatively present in ethanolic extract and aqueous extract. Different concentrations of plant parts (root stem, leaf) were used for mo...

Laboratory evaluation was made to assess the molluscicidal activity of different fractions of Euphorbia royleana (Family- Euphorbiaceae) latex obtained through sephadex gel column against freshwater snail Lymnaea (Radix) acuminata Lamarack. This snail is the vector of liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus and Fasciola gigantica Cobbold, which causes endemic fascioliasis in cattle and livestoc...

Neuropeptide Y is an abundant and physiologically important peptide in vertebrates having effects on food intake, sexual behaviour, blood pressure and circadian rhythms. Neuropeptide Y homologues have been found in invertebrates, where they are very likely to play similar, important roles. Although five neuropeptide Y-receptor subtypes have been identified in mammals, none has been reported fro...