Whilst a double lumen tube (DLT) is the gold standard for one lung ventilation, its curvatures and increased diameter can make intubation difficult, potentially compounded by challenging airway. We describe successful placement of DLT in difficult airway, confirmation appropriate using flexible paediatric video-ureteroscope (digital Olympus URF-V2/V2R), without which purpose achieving isolation...

Lung cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with the majority of cases attributed to non-small cell lung carcinoma [2]. Mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) is frequently observed in non-small cell lung carcinoma. For lung cancers positive in this mutation, first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are applied, which often have a remarkable effe...

background there are several conventional, immunological and molecular techniques to diagnose the fungi that cause aspergillosis in biological samples; these methods have some advantages and disadvantages. objectives the current study aimed to evaluate different methods used in identification and diagnosis of fungi causing aspergillosis. materials and methods male western albino rats were provi...

Specific diagnosis of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae infection by the conventional culture and identification method usually requires 3 to 4 days. Since H. pleuropneumoniae may be disseminated from infected individuals during this period, this amount of time required for diagnosis may be too slow to aid in epidemic control. To obtain an earlier diagnosis, a coagglutination test was successfully u...

Independent lung ventilation (ILV) can be classified into anatomical and physiological lung separation. It requires either endobronchial blockade or double-lumen endotracheal tube intubation. Endobronchial blockade or selective double-lumen tube ventilation may necessitate temporary one lung ventilation. Anatomical lung separation isolates a diseased lung from contaminating the non-diseased lun...