The lateral superior olive (LSO) integrates excitatory inputs driven by sound arriving at the ipsilateral ear with inhibitory inputs driven by sound arriving at the contralateral ear in order to compute interaural intensity differences needed for localizing high-frequency sound sources. Specific mechanisms necessary for developmental refinement of the inhibitory projection, which arises from th...

While studies of neuronal development and plasticity have focused on excitatory pathways, the inhibitory projection from the MNTB to the LSO provides a favorable model for studies of synaptic inhibition. This review covers recent studies from our laboratories indicating that inhibitory connections are quite dynamic during development. These findings suggest that there are two phases inhibitory ...

Glycinergic transmission shapes the coding properties of the lateral superior olivary nucleus (LSO). We investigated intracellular pH responses in the LSO to glycine using BCECF-AM in brain slices. With extracellular bicarbonate, glycine produced an alkalinization followed by an acidification while, in the nominal absence of bicarbonate, glycine produced acidifications. Separately, in whole-cel...

This paper describes preliminary works of word sense disambiguation on Chinese verbs using the information derived from lexical semantic ontology (LSO). In spite of sophisticated methods, simple algorithm is employed to underline the characters of the features chosen from LSO data. Several groups of tests are designed to find different effects of the features and other aspects. Some promising r...

The aim of this study is to evaluate the suitability crystalline scintillator LaCl3:Ce for possible use in hybrid medical imaging systems, such as PET/CT and SPECT/CT scanners. For purpose, a single crystal (10 × 10 mm3) was irradiated by X-rays within tube voltage range from 50 150 kVp, absolute efficiency (AE) measured experimentally. energy absorption (EAE), quantum detection (QDE), spectral...

Neurons in the superior olivary complex (SOC) integrate excitatory and inhibitory inputs to localize sounds in space. The majority of these inhibitory inputs have been thought to arise within the SOC from the medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB). However, recent work demonstrates that glycinergic innervation of the SOC persists in Egr2; En1(CKO) mice that lack MNTB neurons, suggesting th...

"Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" (Lso) is an emergent pathogen of carrots in Europe and solanaceous plants in North and Central America and New Zealand. This bacterium is closely related to other pathogenic Candidatus Liberibacter spp., all vectored by psyllids. In order to understand the molecular interaction of this pathogen and its psyllid vector, Bactericera cockerelli, Illumina seque...