Testing of Sequential circuits can be done by two test vectors (all 1’s and all 0’s) if the circuits were based on the conservative logic. The circuit is made to be tested by designing the circuit with the help of Reversible logic gates. Toffoli gate is used as reversible gate in this paper. Sequential circuits such as latches, flip flops are designed with the help of conservative logic reversi...

The unified logical effort (ULE) model for delay evaluation and minimization in paths composed of CMOS logic gates and resistive wires is presented. The method provides conditions for timing optimization while overcoming the limitations of standard logical effort (LE) in the presence of interconnects. The condition for optimal gate sizing in a logic path with long wires is also presented. This ...

A long-standing goal of computer technology is to process and store digital information with the same device in order to implement new architectures. One way to accomplish this is to use nanomagnetic logic gates that can perform Boolean operations and then store the output data in the magnetization states of nanomagnets, thereby doubling as both logic and memory. Unfortunately, many of these na...

Molecular logic gates are capable of performing various logic tasks for biomarker detection, disease diagnostics and therapy, and controlling biological progress. Herein, we integrated multiple components of a logic device into a single DNA 3D nano-assembly with a triangular prism structure. Compared with the separate construction of each component in previously reported DNA logic gate systems,...

In this paper we investigate single electron tunneling (SET) devices from the logic design perspective, using the SET tunnel junction’s ability to control the transport of individual electrons. More specifically, we focus on the implementation of a family of Boolean Single Electron Encoded Logic (SEEL) gates, in which the logic values 0 and 1 are encoded as a net charge of 0 or 1 electron charg...

This paper provides the mathematical derivation of the equivalent logic gates for spike code processing in neurons. It derives the computational equivalence between the binary code and spike code to illustrate the correspondence between binary and spike code logic operations theoretically. It identifies the similarities and differences between biological neural processing and binary logic gate ...

We describe the operation of, and demonstrate logic functionality in, networks of physically coupled, nanometer-scale magnets designed for digital computation in magnetic quantum-dot cellular automata (MQCA) systems. MQCA offer low power dissipation and high integration density of functional elements and operate at room temperature. The basic MQCA logic gate, that is, the three-input majority l...

Molecular logic gates, which have attracted increasing research interest and are crucial for the development of molecular-scale computers, simplify the results of measurements and detections, leaving the diagnosis of disease either "yes" or "no". Prion diseases are a group of fatal neurodegenerative disorders that happen in human and animals. The main problem with a diagnosis of prion diseases ...