there are many routing protocol used in MANET. In which LAR protocol used to find location of mobile node. The Location-Aided Routing (LAR) protocol is an on-demand scheme. It utilizes location information to limit the route query flooding area. The prerequisite is that every host knows its own location and the global time, which can be provided by a Global Positioning System (GPS). Two scheme ...

Sink location is considered as a basic service in geographic routing in wireless sensor networks. Obtaining the location of sink node by source node using an efficient method with low complexity has always been a challenging issue in research. In this paper, a sink location algorithm based on Fano plane is proposed. The research challenge is how to ensure the intersection of two SLQ (Location Q...

In mobile ad hoc networks, nodes are dynamically changing their locations. The QoS information used for routing by traditional QoS routing protocols becomes obsolete due to node mobility. To overcome this problem, a predictive QoS routing scheme is needed. In this paper, we present a location-delay prediction scheme, based on a location-resource update protocol, which assists a QoS routing prot...

Compared with topology -based routing, location-based routing scales much better in large-scale mobile ad hoc networks. Location-based routing protocols assume that a location service is available to provide location information of each node in the network. Many location service protocols have been proposed in the literature. However, either they do not scale well in large-scale network environ...

The focus of this paper is routing in a wide area mobile ad hoc network referred to as a Terminode Network. Our routing scheme is a combination of two protocols: Terminode Local Routing (TLR) and Terminode Remote Routing (TRR). TRR is used for remote destinations. It utilizes the location of a destination obtained by the source using location management or location tracking. TLR acts when the p...

Using location information to help routing is often proposed as a means to achieve scalability in large mobile ad-hoc networks. However, location based routing is difficult when there are holes in the network topology and nodes are mobile. Terminode routing, presented here, addresses these issues. It uses a combination of location based routing (Terminode Remote Routing, TRR), used when the des...

In this work, the capacitated location-routing problem with simultaneous pickup and delivery (CLRP-SPD) is considered. This problem is a more realistic case of the capacitated location-routing problem (CLRP) and belongs to the reverse logistics of the supply chain. The problem has many real-life applications of which some have been addressed in the literature such as management of liquid petrol...

an integrated model considers all parameters and elements of different deficiencies in one problem. this paper presents a new integrated model of a supply chain that simultaneously considers facility location, vehicle routing and inventory control problems as well as their interactions in one problem, called location-routing-inventory (lri) problem. this model also considers stochastic demands ...