نتایج جستجو برای: local governments
تعداد نتایج: 551352 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
— This study is the first attempt to examine the determinants of expenditure decentralization at sub-provincial levels in China. The Chinese central government gives detailed guidelines to local governments on public finance, but, ironically, their expenditure assignment is far from being well-regulated. Differences in fiscal decentralization on the expenditure side are enormous among local gov...
abstract: decentralization is a process in which local affairs are administrated by local authorities outside of activities of the central government. today, decentralization policy is considered as one of the ways that most countries adopted to improve public sector performance. in this paper using geometric analysis, innovation that this paper represents, an econometric model is considered to...
As Japanese local governments are facing severe financial situation, reduction of administration cost with use of ICT is in burning necessity. However, electronic local government has not been promoted smoothly in Japan, since ICT systems have been introduced without sufficient business process reengineering. On the other hand, the citizens’ needs for enhancing public services have increased. I...
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