movement of pesticides through soils to groundwater and surface water has long been considered a potentially serious environmental problem in different parts of the world. remediation of such problems requires monitoring of site specific data. considering these facts a laboratory based investigation was carried out to determine the sorption and leaching parameters of two contrasting and widely ...

The degradation behaviour of 2,4-D and MCPA in four types of soil were determined from measurements of 14CO2 evolution over a period of 100 days. The total C-organic volatile compounds evaporated from the soils during the experimental period and the residual C in the soils at the end of the incubation period was also determined. The degree of mineralization was different for tested pesticides, ...

Salinization is the main characteristic of soils in arid and semi-arid regions which reduce the agricultural potential ofirrigated lands. Therefore, soil reclamation as well as determination of the leaching requirement for salt control is veryimportant for better plant growth. In this study, the effects of leaching on saline soils of Sistan region, southeast of Iranwere examined using unsaturat...

The majority of hydraulic processes under a natural condition in a field are carried out under unsaturated flow conditions. The soil moisture retention curve (SMRC) is the most important hydraulic characteristic of an unsaturated soil whose knowledge is of prime importance in soil-water studies such as soil conservation, soil erosion, land evaluation, soil reclamation, and water resources manag...

We studied the effects of soil matric potential and salinity on the water use (WU), water use efficiency (WUE) and yield response factor (Ky), for wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Mahdavi) and bean (Phaseoulus vulgaris cv. COS16) in sandy loam and clay loam soils under greenhouse conditions. Results showed that aeration porosity is the predominant factor controlling WU, WUE, Ky and shoot biomass (B...

Aerial deposition of Ni from a refinery in Port Colborne, Ontario, Canada has resulted in the enrichment of 29 km of land with Ni concentrations exceeding the Canadian Ministry of the Environment’s remedial action level of 200 mg kg . Several studies on these soils have shown that making the soils calcareous was effective at reducing chemically extractable Ni, as well as alleviating Ni phytotox...

Soils sequester and release substantial atmospheric carbon, but the contribution of fungal communities to soil carbon balance under rising CO2 is not well understood. Soil properties likely mediate these fungal responses but are rarely explored in CO2 experiments. We studied soil fungal communities in a grassland ecosystem exposed to a preindustrial-to-future CO2 gradient (250 to 500 ppm) in a ...

The mass attenuation coefficients (μs) for five different soil samples were measured at 661.6, 1173.2 and 1332.5 keV photon energies. The soil samples were separately irradiated with (137)Cs and (60)Co (370 kBq) radioactive point gamma sources. The measurements were made by performing transmission experiments with a 2″ × 2″ NaI(Tl) scintillation detector, which had an energy resolution of 7% at...

The effects of four soil types, soil porosity, particle size, and organic matter were tested on survival and migration of Xiphinema americanum. Survival and migration were significantly greater in silt loam than in clay loam and silty clay soils. Nematode numbers were significantly greater in softs planted with soybeans than in fallow softs. Nematode survival was greatest at the higher of two p...