Low-molecular-weight heparin/protamine microparticles (LMW-H/P MPs) were produced as a carrier for heparin-binding growth factors (GFs) and for various adhesive cells. A mixture of low-molecular-weight heparin (MW: approximately 5000 Da, 6.4 mg/mL) and protamine (MW: approximately 3000 Da, 10 mg/mL) at a ratio of 7:3 (vol:vol) yields a dispersion of microparticles (0.5-3 µm in diameter). LMW-H/...

Cyclin E, together with cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2), functions as a gatekeeper to promote G1/S transitions and the initiation of DNA replication. In normal cells, cyclin E–associated kinase activity is exquisitely regulated, with activity being limited to a brief time interval between late G1 and early S phase. Human cancers frequently exhibit deregulated cyclin E–associated kinase activit...

OBJECTIVE Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation within the intima is regulated by heparan sulfates. We studied a low molecular weight (LMW) fucoidan (sulfated polysaccharide from brown seaweed) on SMC proliferation in vitro and intimal hyperplasia in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS In vitro study revealed that LMW fucoidan reduces rabbit SMC proliferation and is internalized in SMC perinuclear ves...

Dissolved DNA (dDNA) is a potentially important source of energy and nutrients in aquatic ecosystems. However, little is known about the identity, metabolism, and interactions of the microorganisms capable of consuming dDNA. Bacteria from Eel Pond (Woods Hole, MA) were cultivated on low-molecular-weight (LMW) or high-molecular-weight (HMW) dDNA, which served as the primary source of carbon, nit...

Low molecular weight glutenin subunits (LMW-GS) play an important role in determining dough properties and breadmaking quality. However, resolution of the currently used methodologies for analyzing LMW-GS is rather low which prevents an efficient use of genetic variations associated with these alleles in wheat breeding. The aim of the current study is to evaluate and develop a rapid, simple, an...

Beta-catenin plays a dual role as a major constituent of cadherin-based adherens junctions and also as a transcriptional coactivator. In normal ephitelial cells, at adherens junction level, beta-catenin links cadherins to the actin cytoskeleton. The structure of adherens junctions is dynamically regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation. In particular, cell-cell adhesion can be negatively regulated...

There is no consensus on the dose of low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparin for thromboprophylaxis in pregnant women at increased risk of thrombosis. Based upon monitoring with anti-factor Xa activity, the studies showed conflicting results suggesting either fixed dosages throughout the pregnancy or dosages adapted to the gestational age. We tested whether monitoring thromboprophylaxis with D-dimer...

Low molecular weight hyaluronate (LMW-HA) blocks interactions between T lymphocyte CD44 and hyaluronate (HA), a heteropolysaccharide that is expressed on the surface of endothelial cells and ubiquitously in the extracellular matrix. This study was undertaken to assess the ability of LMW-HA to modify the course of experimental acute renal allograft rejection. Lewis (LEW) rats were bilaterally ne...

BACKGROUND Low-molecular-weight (LMW) heparins are safe and effective for out-of-hospital treatment of acute deep-vein thrombosis (DVT) in a clinical trial setting. We examined the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of home treatment with LMW heparin of consecutive eligible patients with acute DVT in a routine care setting. In addition, we report our experience with patient compliance, acceptanc...