It is increasingly recognized that few if any populations have undergone the transition from high to low fertility without significant recourse to induced abortion (Davis, 1963; Kirk, 1967). The strategic role played by induced abortion in helping to bring down the birth rate of Japan and the nations of Eastern Europe is well documented (Muramatsu, 1960; Hall, 1970). That its contribution to fa...

BACKGROUND The most common complication of IVF is multiple pregnancy, which occurs in 25% of pregnancies following the transfer of two embryos. Single embryo transfer can minimize twin pregnancies but could also lower live birth rates. Our aim was to perform a systematic review of randomized trials to determine the effectiveness of single versus double embryo transfer. METHODS Cochrane Collab...

OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the safety of semen washing with intrauterine insemination (SW-IUI) for achieving pregnancy when the man is human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected and the woman is HIV negative. STUDY DESIGN We conducted a retrospective analysis of 635 HIV-discordant couples enrolled in a SW-IUI program and followed up 367 Italian women. We computed pr...

BACKGROUND We sought to determine the association between factors that affected clini- cal pregnancy and live birth rates in patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) and received intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and/or laser assisted hatching (LAH), or neither. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, the records of women who underwent IVF with or without IC...

Fertility rates, pregnancy, and maternal outcomes are not well described among women with a functioning kidney transplant. Using data from the Australian and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, we analyzed 40 yr of pregnancy-related outcomes for transplant recipients. This analysis included 444 live births reported from 577 pregnancies; the absolute but not relative fertility rate fel...

BACKGROUND Human fertility has been declined all over the world. Advanced women's age is one of the most important factors in determining the success of reproduction and ageing has negative impact on ART outcome and advanced female age decreases the chance of live birth rates achieved using ART, especially after 40 years of age. OBJECTIVE To evaluate ART outcomes regarding to pregnancy, abort...

background: singleton pregnancy with a live birth beyond 37 weeks of gestation is the ultimate goal of any assisted reproductive technology. however, singletons conceived after art are found to have a poor perinatal outcome in comparison to naturally conceived singletons. it was hypothesized that the outcome of singleton conceived after transfer of two or more embryos may be dependent on the sh...

BACKGROUND After decades of decline, stillbirth rates have increased in several industrialized countries in recent years. We examined data from the province of British Columbia, Canada, in an attempt to explain this unexpected phenomenon. METHODS We carried out a retrospective population-based cohort study of all births in British Columbia from 2000 to 2010. Outcomes of interest included over...

Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common heterogeneous endocrine disorder in reproductive-age women, with prevalence around 4-12%. The present study was performed to investigate whether progesterone-induced endometrial bleed before ovulation induction affects pregnancy in patients with PCOS who underwent intrauterine insemination (IUI) treatment. A total of 241 IUI cycles were retrospectively anal...