this study propose a new analytical protocol for the determination of benzene, xylene, toluene and styrene in water samples using homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction via flotation assistance (hllme-fa) technique followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms). in this research, a special extraction cell was designed to facilitate collection of the low-density solvent extraction. ...

an experimental study of the phase inversion behavior of liquid-liquid dispersion has been conducted in a spray extraction column for systems of toluene / water, n-hexane/water, ccl4/water, toluene /water + glycerol (25 % wt), toluene + ccl4 (25 % wt) / water and toluene / acetic acid (5 % wt)/water. the effects of physical properties, mass transfer and column geometry on phase inversion have b...

introduction: the mechanism of action and metabolism of clozapine, a complex drug used in psychopharmacology, is not completely understood. the effects of this compound in human body are related to some interactions with serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitter receptors. to further elucidate the mechanism of action and to support ongoing drug metabolism studies, [14c] clozapine with suitable ra...

depending on the moisture contents, the soil behavior is revealed as solid, semisolid, plastic and liquid states. liquid limit is an important property of fine-grained soils and casagrande and cone penetrometer are two different methods employed for the determination of liquid limit of the soil. in forest environment, the casagrande method is the classic method for liquid limit determination, b...

A low-melting solid is used as organic solvent for liquid-liquid extraction at elevated temperatures followed by solidification and decantation of the aqueous phase.

choline oxidase (chox) was chosen as a model enzyme for evaluating the performance of cnts’ functional groups for development of enzyme electrodes. cnts were functionalized with carboxylic acid, amine or amide groups. carboxylic acid, amine and amide functionalized cnts were obtained by acid treatment, ethylenediamine or tetraethylenepentamine chemically modification and ammonia plasma treatmen...

fe3o4 magnetic nanoparticles modified with 1-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide([c8mim]-fe3o4) were used for the removal of reactive red 141 (rr141) and reactive yellow 81 (ry81) as model azo dyes from aqueous solution. the mean size and the surface morphology of the nanoparticles were characterized by tem, xrd and ftir techniques. adsorption studies of two dyes were performed under different ex...

multiphase impeller stirred tank reactors enhance mixing of reacting species used in a variety of chemical industries. these reactors have been studied based on computational fluid dynamics (cfd) that can be used in the analysis, design and scale up of these reactors. most of the researches done in this area are limited to single phase reactors, and a few remaining two phase flow investigations...

there are a number of techniques available to estimate saturated-liquid molar or specific volumes or densities of liquids. in this study, a new empirical correlation is presented to calculate volume of saturated liquids as a function of critical volume, reduced temperature and acentric factor. an optimization algorithm is utilized to obtain unknown parameters of this correlation by fitting them...