Modern text linguistics pays serious attention to the significant structural elements of the text, which carry special knowledge. Such structural elements include the title. In this article, the title is considered as a linguistic and cognitive characteristic and a spatially fixed structural element of the text – «frame», which is located around/before/behind the text, focusing on the importanc...

Interlanguage pragmatics, as an inseparable part of communicative competence, has been emphasized as an ultimate objective in language learning. This study explored the perceptions of Iranian English as a foreign language (EFL) students regarding interlanguage pragmatics and the impact of textbooks tasks on shaping their pragmatic competence. To accomplish this objective, 137 senior EFL student...

There has been considerable increase of interest recently among theoretical linguists in empirical data that go beyond intuitive judgements on grammaticality and meaning of linguistic expressions. This concerns, among other areas, data resulting from experiments during which subjects carry out various linguistic or non-linguistic tasks that are somehow connected with the production or comprehen...

Knowledge Base Population (KBP) is an evaluation track of the Text Analysis Conference (TAC), a workshop series organized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). In 2013, the KBP evaluations included five tasks targeting information extraction and question answering technologies: Entity Linking, Slot Filling, Temporal Slot Filling, Sentiment Slot Filling, and Cold Start. T...

To advance information extraction and question answering technologies toward a more realistic path, the U.S. NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) initiated the KBP (Knowledge Base Population) task as one of the TAC (Text Analysis Conference) evaluation tracks. It aims to encourage research in automatic information extraction of named entities from unstructured texts with the ul...

In the past, NLP has always been based on the explicit or implicit use of linguistic knowledge. In classical computer linguistic applications explicit rule based approaches prevail, while machine learning algorithms use implicit knowledge for generating linguistic knowledge. The question behind this work is: how far can we go in NLP without assuming explicit or implicit linguistic knowledge? Ho...

abstract Keywords: temporal processing, temporal extraction, tense, aspect, hybrid approaches, deep linguistic processing, shallow linguistic processing The full-fledged processing of temporal information presents specific challenges. These difficulties largely stem from the fact that the temporal meaning conveyed by grammatical means interacts with many extra-linguistic factors (world knowledg...

This paper attempts to present innovations brought into corpus methodology by using the concept of paraphrase to account for the meaning of lexical items. Collaborative knowledge building is conceived of not merely the individual introduction of paraphrases discussing the features of the discourse objects but continuous subsequent negotiation of this input over a temporal arrow. With proposal o...

the study of the meaning is the oldest intellectual concerns of human over time and in various cultures and civilizations. the meaning have occupid the chiness and indian thinkers and philosophers of the greeks and romans during centuries. the arab and muslim linguists and others mostly shared in study of many issues related to meaning of the words. arab’s linguistic research has focus on deter...

In this position paper, I argue that in order to create truly language-independent NLP systems, we need to incorporate linguistic knowledge. The linguistic knowledge in question is not intricate rule systems, but generalizations from linguistic typology about the range of variation in linguistic structures across languages.