5 White-Rot Basidiomycetes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140 5.1 Mineralization of 14C-Labeled Lignins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141 5.2 Ligninolytic Enzymes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 5.2.1 Lignin Peroxidase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 5.2.2 Manganese Perox...

One of the most economically viable processes for the bioconversion of many lignocellulosic waste is represented by white rot fungi. Phanerochaete chrysosporium is one of the important commercially cultivated fungi which exhibit varying abilities to utilize different lignocellulosic as growth substrate. Examination of the lignocellulolytic enzyme profiles of the two organisms Phanerochaete chry...

Wood is the main renewable material on Earth and is largely used as building material and in paper-pulp manufacturing. This review describes the composition of lignocellulosic materials, the different processes by which fungi are able to alter wood, including decay patterns caused by white, brown, and soft-rot fungi, and fungal staining of wood. The chemical, enzymatic, and molecular aspects of...

The effect of breeding from the white rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME446 on performance for lignin mineralization was examined. This model for informed strain improvement without mutagenesis is based on abundant restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs). Under optimized conditions for lignin mineralization, extracellular manganese peroxidase (MnP) but not lignin peroxidase (Li...

The abilities of whole cultures of Phanerochaete chrysosporium and P. chrysosporium manganese peroxidase-mediated lipid peroxidation reactions to degrade the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) found in creosote were studied. The disappearance of 12 three- to six-ring PAHs occurred in both systems. Both in vivo and in vitro, the disappearance of all PAHs was found to be very strongly correl...

Peroxidases (EC 1.11.1.7) participate in lignin biosynthesis. But peroxidation is not a tool for assaying lignocellulose metabolism because the active cannot yet be separated from the inactive peroxidases. A biochemical tool for assaying plant cell wall responses to agronomic practices is needed in the lignocellulosic feedstock renewable energy industry. Peroxidase of biomass sorghum was purifi...

The Streptomyces viridosporus T7A bacterium produces the extracellular lignin peroxidase ALiP-P3. The ALiP-P3-catalyzed oxidation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) was examined to understand its kinetic behavior. Initial rate data of the oxidation of DCP were obtained by a spectrophotometric peroxidase assay, and the kinetics were best modeled with a random-binding bireactant system, which differs fr...

scape bending disorder is the most important factor affecting postharvest loss of gerbera cut flowers. one of the ultimate reasons for gerbera stem bending is lignin, with deformation structural functions and defensive mechanisms. this postharvest experiment was conducted to evaluate the role of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (pal) and peroxidase (pod) enzymes activity in stem bending of two gerbe...

The mechanism by which lignin peroxidase (Lip) interacts with the lignin polymer is discussed. Veratryl alcohol (Valc), a secondary metabolite of white rot fungi, acts as a cofactor for the enzyme. The Lip-redox cycle is discussed in terms of Marcus theory of electron transfer. It is proposed that reaction of a nucleophile in the active site channel with the incipient Valc'. is an essential eve...