The pathway to zero carbon emissions passing through reduction is mandatory in the shipping industry. Regarding various methodologies and technologies reviewed for this purpose, Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) has been used as an excellent tool determine economic feasibility sustainability present directions. However, insufficient commercial applications cause a conflict of opinion on which fue...

Abstract Most innovative and eco-friendly project alternatives are rejected due to higher initial costs. This problem arises the general cost analysis that considers only It can be solved using Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) approach because LCCA helps decision makers select alternative with more economic benefits by considering costs incurred in it throughout life cycle. In this paper, cycle ...