Results The lesions started at age 18 during the patient ́s first pregnancy and had a predominant flexural distribution pattern. At the physical exam, the patient presented with erythema and infiltrative lesions in forearm and periorbital regions, and scaly erythematous papules, especially in inferior extremities. Some of these lesions presented an ulcerous center and had linear form. The patien...

Repeated courses of potent topical corticosteroids and maintenance therapy with moderately potent topical corticosteroids are frequently needed to treat various forms of vulvar dermatoses, which are often characterized by an abnormal proliferation or activation of T lymphocytes. Because such therapeutic regimen is associated with an increased risk of potential side effects, particularly skin at...

Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis, also known as Chondrodermatitis Nodularis Chronicus Helicis (CNCH), Winkler’s nodule or Winkler’s disease, is a benign, inflammatory and degenerative condition that affects the skin and cartilage of the pinna, manifesting as a tender papule/nodule [1]. The condition is usually unilateral. Bilateral CNCH cases are uncommon and the lesions are usually symmetri...

BACKGROUND Vulvar dermatoses are often difficult to classify due to histopathologic overlap. We aimed to report our experience at a single institution. METHODS A total of 183 non-neoplastic, non-infectious vulvar biopsies were reviewed. Associations between histopathologic features and specific diagnoses were analyzed by Chi-squared tests. RESULTS Twenty-two biopsies (12.0%) showed two conc...

Multi-element content and uranium (U) isotopes were investigated in the lichen Hypogymnia physodes (native and transplants) sampled across a 60-km transect, centred on Karabash smelter town, from Turgoyak Lake (SW) to Kyshtym (NE) to investigate the origin of U. Kyshtym was the site of a major nuclear accident in 1957. (234)U/(238)U activity ratios in native thalli sampled during July 2001 were...

Clostridium botulinum, a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, produces a potent neurotoxin that causes muscle paralysis. The therapeutic use of botulinum toxin was discovered in the 1970s and has since been used to treat patients with a broad range of medical complaints. Botulinum toxin (BTX) is used in the primary care setting to treat conditions such as allergic rhinitis, hyperhidrosis, lichen ...