The present study investigated the effect of different types of text simplification (i.e., reducing the lexical and syntactic complexity of texts) on reading comprehension of English as a Foreign Language learners (EFL). Sixty female intermediate EFL learners from three intact classes in Tabarestan Language Institute in Tehran participated in the study. The intact classes were assigned to three...

Our goal is to evaluate the utility of a lexical resource containing Lexical Conceptual Structures LCS for use in cross language information retrieval Our evaluation makes use of a combination of techniques from interlingual machine translation Dorr with conventional information retrieval techniques Oard OardandDorr Given a query in one language we transform the query into the corresponding ter...

Multi-word lexical units are a typical feature of specialized dictionaries, in particular monolingual and bilingual maritime dictionaries. The paper studies the concept of the multi-word lexical unit and considers the similarities and differences of their selection and presentation in monolingual and bilingual maritime dictionaries. The work analyses such issues as the classification of multi-w...

This study compares lexical retrieval amongst monolinguals and intermediate bilinguals and advanced bilinguals. It also investigates the possible effects of their language learning strategies on their respective lexical retrieval advantage. The study used a mixed methods design and the groups consisted of 20 Persian near-monolinguals, 20 Persian-English intermediate level bilinguals, and 20 Per...

Media is strong enough to influence different fields, including economy, politics, education, name but a few. This inevitable on languages of the world. Distant contact has proved introduce interesting language phenomena just like direct does. The present paper investigated Corona-related lexis in spoken Arabic-broadcasting media, namely Aljazeera and A3 (an Algerian public channel). significan...

the changing context for agricultural development has highlighted a strong need to understand and adoptinnovation systems thinking. science, technology and innovation policy has equated rural development toagricultural development. the main objective of this paper was to examine the role of innovation capacity inagricultural sector. with the growing diversification of rural livelihood options i...

We present a study that investigates that factors that determine what makes a good lexical substitution. We begin by observing that there is a correlation between the corpus frequency of words and the number of WordNet senses they have, and hypothesise that readers might prefer common, but more ambiguous words over less ambiguous but also less common ones. We identify four properties of a word ...

Abstract The present study investigated lexical production and innovation of 202 participants across six groups: child adult heritage speakers Russian, dominant in Hebrew or American English, monolingual Russian-speaking children adults. Understanding quantitative performance these groups was intended to provide a comprehensive perspective on language (HL) development, while comparing the parti...