DATR is a declarative language for representing a restricted class of inheritance networks, permitting both multiple and default inheritance. The principal intended area of application is the representation of lexical entries for natural language processing, and we use examples from this domain throughout. In this paper we present the syntax and inference mechanisms for the language. The goal o...

Horizontal redundancy is inherent to lex-ica consisting of descriptions of fully formed objects. This causes an unwelcome expansion of the lexical database and increases parsing time. To eliminate it, direct relations between descriptions of fully formed objects are often deened. These are additional to the (Typed Multiple) Inheritance Network which already structures the lexicon. Many implemen...

The design of speech recognition system based on acoustically-derived, segmental units can be divided in three steps: unit design, lexicon building and pronunciation modeling. We formulate an iterative unit design procedure which consistently uses a maximum likelihood (ML) objective in successive application of resegmentation and model re-estimation. The lexicon building allows multi-word entri...

Dictionaries are often developed using tools that save to Extensible Markup Language (XML)-based standards. These standards often allow high-level repeating elements to represent lexical entries, and utilize descendants of these repeating elements to represent the structure within each lexical entry, in the form of an XML tree. In many cases, dictionaries are published that have errors and inco...

The Mental Lexicon (ML) refers to the organization of lexical entries of a language in the human mind.A clear knowledge of the structure of ML will help us to understand how the human brain processes language. The knowledge of semantic association among the words in ML is essential to many applications. Although, there are works on the representation of lexical entries based on their semantic a...

Robotic commands in natural language usually contain lots of spatial descriptions which are semantically similar but syntactically different. Mapping such syntactic variants into semantic concepts that can be understood by robots is challenging due to the high flexibility of natural language expressions. To tackle this problem, we collect robotic commands for navigation and manipulation tasks u...

Regarding the construction of an ontology of Japanese lexical properties (JLP-O) as fundamental in terms of establishing a conceptual framework to guide and facilitate the construction of a large-scale lexical resource (LR) database of the Japanese lexicon, this paper primarily focuses on two major concerns for the construction of the JLP-O. The first is to map out and appropriately structure t...

One reason why the lexical capabilities of NLP systems have remained weak is because of the labour intensive nature of encoding lexical entries for the lexicon. It has been estimated that the average time needed to construct manually a lexical entry for a Machine Translation system is about 30 minutes [Neff et al. 93]. The automatic acquisition of lexical knowledge is the main field of the rese...

This volume contains 15 papers from a special session held at the 11th CUNY Sentence Processing Conference (1998). There are three thematically arranged sections: proposals from theoretical linguistics, the lexicon– syntax relationship as regards processing, and the content of lexical entries. The first chapter summarizes the papers and discusses the broader issues raised in the book. (The full...

Observers exhibit larger leftward bias when bisecting words compared with lines. According to the Attentional Scaling Hypothesis, attempting to access lexical entries involves focusing attention on the initial letters of words to establish a cohort of potential matches with entries in the mental lexicon. We test this account by examining two predictions: (1) greater leftward bias for words shou...