Sex allows beneficial mutations that occur in separate lineages to be fixed in the same genome. For this reason, the Fisher-Muller model predicts that adaptation to the environment is more rapid in a large sexual population than in an equally large asexual population. Sexual reproduction occurs in populations of the RNA virus φ6 when multiple bacteriophages coinfect the same host cell. Here, we...

Previous research suggests that religious orientation relates to people's choice of activities and behaviors. Religious orientation has not been examined in relation to sport and competitive orientation. This study examined the relationship of religious orientation, along with athletic experience, college and gender, to competitive orientation in sport. Surveys were completed by male and female...

RESUMENEl riesgo de morir en duelo fue consustancial a la cultura del honor. Incluso países, como Francia o España, donde muerte no era habitual. El nexo entre honor y vida, sus contrarios, deshonor muerte, permeaba el imaginario cultural las élites liberales. La épica los duelos giraba torno probabilidad que un combatiente pereciera, aun cuando fuese objetivo buscado lance, siempre pesaba ince...

HomeCirculation: Heart FailureVol. 14, No. 3Renal Denervation for Patients With Failure Free AccessEditorialPDF/EPUBAboutView PDFView EPUBSections ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload citationsTrack citationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InMendeleyRedditDiggEmail Jump toFree AccessEditorialPDF/EPUBRenal FailureMaking a Full Circle Marat Fudim, MD, MHS Paul A. Sobotka, MD Jonathan P. P...

Models relating phenotype space to fitness (phenotype–fitness landscapes) have seen important developments recently. They can roughly be divided into mechanistic models (e.g., metabolic networks) and more heuristic models like Fisher’s geometrical model. Each has its own drawbacks, but both yield testable predictions on how the context (genomic background or environment) affects the distributio...

Religion is an important determinant of social and economic inequality, but the mechanisms that underlie this relationship are not well-understood. Early scholars recognized this connection, but their ideas do not adequately explain contemporary stratification patterns. Recent research documents robust empirical relationships between religion and material outcomes but has not yet begun to ident...

For the most part, Americans interact with other people like themselves—those with similar social and economic backgrounds. This homogeneity of social networks contributes in turn to social stratification and to the unequal distribution of social capital and civic integration. Religious congregations offer a rare opportunity for Americans to interact across social status lines. I use data from ...

Why does globalization produce income inequality? Over the last twenty years we have seen a steep rise in income inequality worldwide that reversed a prior equalizing trend. The rise in inequality appears closely linked to the rapid increase in the integration of world trade and in international investment that we call economic globalization. We examine the relationship between foreign investme...

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) undergoes a severe population bottleneck during sexual transmission and yet adapts extremely rapidly to the earliest immune responses. The bottleneck has been inferred to typically consist of a single genome, and typically eight amino acid mutations in viral proteins spread to fixation by the end of the early chronic phase of infection in response to ...

NF-kB and IkB proteins have central roles in regulation of inflammation and innate immunity in mammals. Homologues of these proteins also play an important role in regulation of the Drosophila immune response. Here we present a molecular population genetic analysis of Relish, a Drosophila NFkB/IkB protein, in Drosophila simulans and D. melanogaster. We find strong evidence for adaptive protein ...