Background: The PD-1/PD-L1 molecular pathway is one of the primary mechanisms immune evasion deployed by cancer cells and anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) restore T-cell proliferation enhanced tumor cell killing which has been shown to result in clinically revolutionary efficacy many types. Unfortunately, this not case CNS tumors where these mAbs have failed show improved responses survi...

BACKGROUND Tetraethyl lead was phased out of gasoline in Uganda in 2005. Recent mitigation of an important source of lead exposure suggests examination and re-evaluation of the prevalence of childhood lead poisoning in this country. Ongoing concerns persist about exposure from the Kiteezi landfill in Kampala, the country's capital. OBJECTIVES We determined blood lead distributions among Kampa...

A rapid method for the determination of relative absorption of dietary lead by rats is described. The influence of age, weight and dose rate has been determined and using standard conditions the tissue lead content of blood, kidney and femur are significantly correlated with each other and are a function of ingested lead. Eight lead compounds were evaluated using this technique and the findings...

A new organic-inorganic hybrid, [Pb(2)I(4)(C(4)H(13)N(3))](n), was obtained by the reaction of C(4)N(3)H(10) and PbI(2) at room temperature. The structure is a three-dimensional polymer resulting from the association of PbI(6) octa-hedra and a mixed lead organic-inorganic PbI(4)(C(4)N(3)H(13)) coordination polyhedron. Both Pb atoms, two I atoms and one N atom lie on a mirror plane. N-H⋯I hydrog...

We studied the growth and ordering of a Pb layer deposited on Cu(001) at 150 K. Contrary to the case of adsorption of Pb at room temperature, islands readily form. These islands order in a high-order commensurate structure of symmetry ( √ 61× √ 61)Rtan (